- pramana — means of valid knowledge;
- prameya — objects of valid knowledge;
- samshaya — doubt;
- prayojana — purpose;
- drstanta – example;
- siddhanta — conclusion;
- avayava — the constituents of a syllogism or factors of Inference;
- tarka — argumentation;
- nirnaya — ascertainment;
- vada — debate;
- jalpa — disputations;
- vitanda — destructive criticism;
- hetvabhasa — fallacy;
- chala — quibble;
- jāti — refutations; and
- nigrahasthana — points of the opponent’s defea
