Murder-The entire occurrence was in a spur of the moment. There was a quarrel between the father and daughter as to where the bulb is to be put on. In the sudden quarrel and in the spur of the moment, the appellant threw the chimney lamp on his daughter. The occurrence was sudden and there was no premeditation. The chimney lamp was burning there which the appellant had picked up and thrown on the deceased. Since the occurrence was in a sudden quarrel and there was no premeditation, the act of the accused would fall under Exception 4 to Section 300.
DATE: April 29, 2019
ACTS: Section 300, 302 & 304 IPC
FROM: High Court of Chhattisgarh
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Govind Singh Vs. State of Chhattisgarh
[Criminal Appeal No. 770 of 2019 arising out of SLP (CRL.) No. 6695 of 2018]
R. BANUMATHI, J.
1. Leave granted.
2. This appeal arises out of judgmentJudgment The statement given by the Judge on the grounds of a decree or order - CPC 2(9). It contains a concise statement of the case, points for determination, the decision thereon, and the reasons for such decision - Order 20 Rule 4(2). Section 354 of CrPC requires that every judgment shall contain points for determination, the decision thereon and the reasons for the decision. Indian Supreme Court Decisions > Law declared by Supreme Court to be binding on all courts (Art 141 Indian Constitution) Civil and judicial authorities to act in aid of the Supreme Court (Art 144) Supreme Court Network On Judiciary – Portal > Denning: “Judges do not speak, as do actors, to please. They do not speak, as do advocates, to persuade. They do not speak, as do historians, to recount the past. They speak to give Judgment. And in their judgments, you will find passages, which are worthy to rank with the greatest literature….” Law Points on Judgment Writing > The judge must write to provide an easy-to-understand analysis of the issues of law and fact which arise for decision. Judgments are primarily meant for those whose cases are decided by judges (State Bank of India and Another Vs Ajay Kumar Sood SC 2022) and order dated 11.04.2013 passed by the High Court of Chhattisgarh at Bilaspur in Criminal Appeal No.587 of 2008 in and by which the High Court has affirmed the conviction of the appellant under Section 302 IPC and sentence of life imprisonment imposed upon the appellant.
3. Case of prosecution is that on 23.05.2007 at 07.30 PM, deceased Lalita was sitting in her room along with her friend Dev Kumari (PW-1); while her mother Indra Kunwar (PW-2) was cooking food inside the house. At that timeTime Where any expression of it occurs in any Rules, or any judgment, order or direction, and whenever the doing or not doing of anything at a certain time of the day or night or during a certain part of the day or night has an effect in law, that time is, unless it is otherwise specifically stated, held to be standard time as used in a particular country or state. (In Physics, time and Space never exist actually-“quantum entanglement”), the appellant-father of the deceased came to her room and took out the bulb saying that he wanted to connect the same in the courtyard. When deceased asked her father Govind Singh not to do so, he disconnected the wire. When deceased started reconnecting the wire, the appellant asked her not to do and abused her which resulted in wordy quarrel. Out of anger, the appellant-accused threw burning chimney lamp on the deceased Lalita causing her burn injuries. Upon hearing the cries of the deceased, her mother (PW-2) and her friend Dev Kumari (PW-1) rushed near her. Ram Dayal (PW-4) and Mannu (PW-3) extinguished the fire by pouring water on the deceased.
Immediately thereafter, deceased was taken to Community Health Centre, Odgi where she was attended by Dr. P.K. Patel (PW-9). After giving her the preliminary treatment, deceased was referred to District Hospital, Ambikapur. While deceased was taking treatment at District Hospital, Ambikapur, she succumbed to her injuries on 30.05.2007. Initially the case was registered under Section 307 IPC which was subsequently altered into Section 302 IPC. The dying declaration of the deceased (Ex.P-16) was recorded by PW-21-Executive 2 Magistrate in the presence of Dr. P.K. Patel (PW-9) who certified as to the fit, mental condition of the deceased.
The eye witnesses Dev Kumari (PW-1), mother Indira Kunwar (PW-2), Manu Singh (PW-3) and Ram Dayal (PW-4) did not support the case of the prosecution and turned hostile. Mainly relying upon the dying declaration (Ex.P-16), the trial court convicted the appellant-accused under Section 302 IPC and sentenced him to undergo life imprisonment. The High Court affirmed the conviction under Section 302 IPC and also the sentence of imprisonment imposed upon the appellant. Being aggrieved, the appellant is before us.
4. By our order dated 10.08.2018, notice was issued only limited to the nature of offence and the quantum of sentence.
5. We have heard the learned counsel appearing for the appellant/accused and the learned counsel appearing for the State of Chhattisgarh and perused the impugned judgment and other materials placed on record.
6. The occurrence was at 07.30 PM. While the deceased was talking with her friend – Dev Kumari (PW-1), the appellant-accused wanted to take out the bulb as he wanted to connect the same in the courtyard for which the deceased objected. There was a wordy quarrel between the appellant-father and his daughter-deceased. In the wordy quarrel, the appellant-accused threw chimney lamp on the deceased causing her burn injuries. She sustained injuries on her face, chest and stomach and parts below the legs. The deceased succumbed to injuries seven days after the occurrence.
7. The entire occurrence was in a spur of moment. There was quarrel between the father and daughter as to where the bulb is to be put on. In the sudden quarrel and in spur of the moment, the appellant threw the chimney lamp on his daughter. The occurrence was sudden and there was no premeditation. The chimney lamp was burning there which the appellant had picked up and thrown on the deceased. Since the occurrence was in sudden quarrel and there was no premeditation, the act of the accused would fall under Exception 4 to Section 300.
8. The conviction of the appellant-accused under Section 302 IPC is modified as the one under Section 304 Part-II IPC. As per jail certificate, the appellant-accused had undergone about 10 years, 2 months and 25 days as on 26.08.2017. By now, the appellant-accused has undergone about eleven years and eight months of imprisonment. Considering the facts and circumstances of the case and the period of imprisonment which the appellant-accused has undergone, the sentence of imprisonment is modified to the period already undergone.
9. The conviction of the appellant-accused under Section 302 IPC is modified as conviction under Section 304 Part-II IPC. The sentence of life imprisonment imposed upon the appellant is reduced to the period already undergone by the appellant-accused. The appellant-accused is ordered to be released forthwith unless his presence is required in any other case.
10. The appeal is partly allowed in the above terms.
J. [R. BANUMATHI]
J. [R. SUBHASH REDDY]
New Delhi;
April 29, 2019
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