Influenza is a highly infectious viral infection which occurs mainly in Winter. It is usually of sudden onset with fever, chills, painful muscles, headache, backache and cough. Influenza for most people is an unpleasant but self-limiting illness, the main symptoms lasting up to about a week. Treatment is symptomatic and those affected are advised to stay at home, rest and drink plenty of fluids.

UK antimicrobial resistance strategy and action plan   Status: 2002  The Government’s response to the House of Lords Select Committee on Science and Technology’s report ‘Resistance to antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents’ indicated its intention to take forward a comprehensive strategy to tackle the problem of antimicrobial resistance. The key elements of the strategy were outlined and the Government gave […]

Euro-NCAP The European New Car Assessment Programme is an influential, independent assessment of the safety of passenger cars to occupants and pedestrians, based upon the long-established NCAP for North America. The tests are controversial in that they differ from official Government standards, particularly in the use of deformable obstacles as well as rigid concrete blocks. Despite initial objections from the […]

Demand levelling is a technique to reeduce the fluctuations in demand for product which occur both within companies and along supply chains. Reducing lead times and batch sizes are two beneficial changes that smooth the flow of products to downstream activities (or customers) and the sharing of information, for example through visual control techniques and open-book management helps prevent random […]

Cycle time is the time required to complete one cycle of an operation within an overall production process. Understanding cycle times is an important part of line balancing : if cycle time for every operation in the complete process can be reduced to equal takt time, products can be made in one-piece flow. One-piece flow refers to a process in […]

Cellular manufacturing refers to the arrangement of a factory into production cells consisting of a number of machines performing different operations, typically laid out in a U-shape or rough triangle rather than a traditional line, to permit one-piece flow of components and flexible deployment of the workforce, with one person operating several machines. on the other hand process villages are […]

Activity-based costing (ABC) is a potentially complex management accounting system that assigns costs to products based on the cost of all the activities connected with that product – including purchasing, set-up times etc. ABC should recognise the true cost of diversity and non-standard products (typically higher than under standard costing). Standard Costing A management accounting system which allocates costs to products […]

wastes Scrap components are an obvious form of waste, the pioneering thinker Taiichi Ohno of Toyota Motor Co. identified 7 forms of wasted time, effort or materials all of which lead to inefficiency in the production process. They are: over-production idle time transport time process waste inventory operator motion sub-standard quality  

The Internet has made the exchange of goods and services easier in many ways. Trading platforms are accessible around the clock from almost anywhere in the world. They offer convenient and attractive options for customers, dealers and operators. However, there are not only platforms with legitimate offers, but also platforms on which prohibited items and services are traded. Such criminal platforms in the form of forums or marketplaces play an increasingly central role in certain areas of crime.

The Judiciary Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany-1949 Art- 92 to 104 The Judiciary Article 92 Court organisation The judicial power shall be vested in the judges; it shall be exercised by the Federal Constitutional Court, by the federal courts provided for in this Basic Law and by the courts of the Länder. Article 93 Jurisdiction of the Federal […]

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