‘The Awakening Soul of India’- Speech by Sri Aurobindo – 07/11/1947-We shall devote ourselves not to politics alone, nor to social questions alone, nor to theology or philosophy or literature or science by themselves, but we include all these in one entity which we believe to be all-important, the Dharma, the national religion which we also believe to be universal. There is a mighty law of life, a great principle of human evolution, a body of spiritual knowledge and experience of which India has always been destined to be guardian, exemplar and missionary. This is the Sanatana Dharma the eternal religion. Under the stress of alien impacts she has largely lost hold not of the structure of that Dharma but of its living reality. For the religion of India is nothing if it is not lived. It has to be applied not only to life, but to the whole of life; its spirit has to enter into and mould our society, our politics, our literature, our science, our individual character, affections and aspirations.
21 जून से देश के हर राज्य में सभी नागरिकों के लिए भारत सरकार मुफ्त वैक्सीन मुहैया कराएगी-PM Modi-07/06/2021-राज्य सरकारों को छूट क्यों नहीं दी जा रही? राज्य सरकारों को लॉकडाउन की छूट क्यों नहीं मिल रही? One Size Does Not Fit All जैसी बातें भी कही गईं। दलील ये दी गई कि संविधान में चूंकि Health-आरोग्य, प्रमुख रूप से राज्य का विषय है, इसलिए अच्छा है कि ये सब राज्य ही करें। इसलिए इस दिशा में एक शुरूआत की गई। भारत सरकार ने एक बृहद गाइडलाइन बनाकर राज्यों को दी ताकि राज्य अपनी आवश्यकता और सुविधा के अनुसार काम कर सकें। स्थानीय स्तर पर कोरोना कर्फ्यू लगाना हो, माइक्रो कन्टेनमेंट जोन बनाना हो, इलाज से जुड़ी व्यवस्थाएं हो, भारत सरकार ने राज्यों की इन मांगों को स्वीकार किया।
76th session of GA, General Debate – Speech by President of the State of Palestine-It is regrettable that the policies of the international community and the decisions of the relevant United Nations bodies regarding a solution for the Question of Palestine have until now not been upheld and implemented, resulting in a failure to hold Israel accountable and sanction it for its violations of international law, allowing Israel, which claims to be a democratic State, to act as a State above the law.
Address at the First Zionist Congress -Max Nordau-1897-The Western Jew has bread, but man does not live on bread alone. The life of the Western Jew is no longer endangered through the enmity of the mob; but bodily wounds are not the only wounds that cause pain, and from which one may bleed to death. The Western Jew meant emancipation to be real liberation, and hastened to draw the final conclusions therefrom. But the nations made him fear that he erred in being so heedlessly logical.
Address by Mohan Bhagwat on the occasion of Vijayadashami-2020-When Sangh says Hindusthan is Hindu Rashtra it does not have any political or power centered concept in its mind. Hindutva is the essence of this Rashtra’s ‘Swa’(self-hood). We are plainly acknowledging the selfhood of the country as Hindu because all our socio-cultural practices are directed by its principles with their spirit percolating in the personal, familial, professional and social life of each one of us.
Address by President Vladimir Putin to the Russian Federation- 24/02/2022-Then came the turn of Iraq, Libya and Syria. The illegal use of military power against Libya and the distortion of all the UN Security Council decisions on Libya ruined the state, created a huge seat of international terrorism, and pushed the country towards a humanitarian catastrophe, into the vortex of a civil war, which has continued there for years. The tragedy, which was created for hundreds of thousands and even millions of people not only in Libya but in the whole region, has led to a large-scale exodus from the Middle East and North Africa to Europe.
Address of Muhammad Ali Jinnah to 1st Constituent Assembly-11/08/1947-majority and minority communities — the Hindu community and the Muslim community — because even as regards Muslims you have Pathans, Punjabis, Shias, Sunnis and so on and among the Hindus you have Brahmins, Vashnavas, Khatris, also Bengalese, Madrasis and so on — will vanish.
Adolf Hitler’s Speech on 19th Anniversary of the Beer Hall Putsch-1942-Where is this art of ruling, to say nothing of the art of leadership? It is only the unscrupulousness for robbery. And when this same man then says: "We have a fine instinct for idealism and material values." Yes indeed they have. They have destroyed idealism everywhere, and they have grabbed and taken possession of material worth and always grabbed and taken possession of it, too, by brutal force only. For in 300 years that nation has oppressed and yoked and subjected nation after nation, people after people, race after race.
Afro-American History- Speech by Malcolm X (1964)-When you deal with the past, you're dealing with history, you're dealing actually with the origin of a thing. When you know the origin, you know the cause. If you don't know the origin, you don't know the cause. And if you don't know the cause, you don't know the reason, you're just cut off, you're left standing in midair. So the past deals with history or the origin of anything—the origin of a person, the origin of a nation, the origin of an incident. And when you know the origin, then you get a better understanding of the causes that produce whatever originated there and its reason for originating and its reason for being.
All mankind is from Adam and Eve- Arabs has no superiority over a non-Arabs-All mankind is from Adam and Eve, an Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab nor a non-Arab has any superiority over an Arab Farewell Pilgrimage. The below sermon(last by the Prophet) was delivered on the Ninth day of Dhul-Hijjah,
Ask Not What Your Country Can Do For You-John F. Kennedy’s Inaugural Address-1961-We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans — born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage — and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this Nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.
गवर्नर्स कॉन्फ्रेंस के उद्घाटन सत्र में पीएम के संबोधन-ये शिक्षा नीति, सरकार की शिक्षा नीति नहीं है। ये देश की शिक्षा नीति है। जैसे विदेश नीति किसी सरकार की नहीं, देश की विदेश नीति होती है, रक्षा नीति किसी सरकार की नहीं, देश की रक्षा नीति होती है, वैसे ही शिक्षा नीति भी कौन सरकार है, किसकी सरकार है, कौन बैठा है, कौन नहीं बैठा है, उसके आधार पर नहीं चलती है, शिक्षा नीति देश की ही नीति है।
नई राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति भारत की, उम्मीदों की पूर्ति का सशक्त माध्यम है-नरेंद्र मोदी-राष्ट्रीय शिक्षा नीति के आने के बाद से ये भी चर्चा काफी तेज है कि बच्चों को पढ़ाने की भाषा क्या होगी? इसमें क्या बदलाव किया जा रहा है?यहाँ हमें एक ही वैज्ञानिक बात समझने की जरूरत है कि भाषा शिक्षा का माध्यम है, भाषा ही सारी शिक्षा नहीं है। किताबी पढ़ाई में फंसे-फंसे कुछ लोग ये फर्क ही भूल जाते हैं। इसलिए, जिस भी भाषा में बच्चा आसानी से सीख सके, चीजें Learn कर सके, वही भाषा पढ़ाई की भाषा होनी चाहिए। ये देखना जरूरी है कि जब बच्चे को हम पढ़ा रहे हैं, तो जो हम बोल रहे हैं, क्या वो समझ पा रहा है?
पुलिस में आ रही नई पीढ़ी का ये दायित्व है कि ये इमेज बदले-PM Modi-पुलिसिंग को Futuristic और प्रभावी बनाने में सामूहिकता और संवेदनशीलता के साथ काम करना बहुत ज़रूरी है। इस कोरोना काल में भी हमने देखा है कि पुलिस के साथियों ने किस तरह स्थितियों को संभालने में बहुत बड़ी भूमिका निभाई है। कोरोना के खिलाफ लड़ाई में हमारे पुलिसकर्मियों ने, देशवासियों के साथ कंधे से कंधा मिलाकर काम किया है।
মধ্যপ্রদেশের হকারদের সঙ্গে প্রধানমন্ত্রীর মতবিনিময়-09/09/2020-প্রযুক্তি ব্যবহার করে আমাদের যে খাদ্য-পানীয় ব্যবসায়ীরা রয়েছেন, তাঁদের আমরা স্ট্রিট ফুড ভেন্ডার বলি। তাঁদেরকে অনলাইন প্ল্যাটফর্ম প্রদানেরও প্রকল্প রচনা করা হয়েছে। অর্থাৎ, বড় বড় রেস্টুরেন্টগুলির মতোই ঠেলাওয়ালা, রেললাইনের দু'পাশের অস্থায়ী দোকানদার বন্ধুরা তাঁদের গ্রাহকদের অনলাইন ডেলিভারি করতে পারবেন। এই ধরনের পরিষেবা প্রদানের চেষ্টা চলছে এবং কিছুদিনের মধ্যেই আপনারা অবশ্যই এগিয়ে আসবেন এবং আমরা মিলেমিশে এই কাজকে এগিয়ে নিয়ে যাব। আমার দৃঢ় বিশ্বাস যে এ ধরনের প্রচেষ্টার মাধ্যমে ঠেলাওয়ালা, রেললাইনের দু'পাশের অস্থায়ী দোকানদার এবং ফেরিওয়ালার কাজ করা বন্ধুদের ব্যবসা বাড়বে, তাঁদের রোজগার আরও বৃদ্ধি পাবে।
সাহিত্যে আর্ট ও দুর্নীতি-Sahitye Art o durniti- Saratchandra Chatterjee-কিন্তু সাহিত্যের আর একটা দিক আছে, সেটা বুদ্ধি ও বিচারের বস্তু। যুক্তি দিয়ে আর একজনকে তা বুঝান যায়। আমি এই দিকটাই আজ বিশেষ করে আপনাদের কাছে উদ্ঘাটিত করতে চাই। বিষ্ণুশর্মার দিন থেকে আজও পর্যন্ত আমরা গল্পের মধ্য থেকে কিছু একটা শিক্ষা লাভ করতে চাই। এ প্রায় আমাদের সংস্কারের মধ্যে এসে দাঁড়িয়েছে। এদিকে কোন ত্রুটি হলে আর আমরা সইতে পারিনে। সক্রোধ অভিযোগের বান যখন ডাকে, তখন এই দিককার বাঁধ ভেঙ্গেই তা হুঙ্কার দিয়ে ছোটে। প্রশ্ন হয়, কি পেলাম, কতখানি এবং কোন্ শিক্ষালাভ আমার হল। এই লাভালাভের দিকটাতেই আমি সর্বপ্রথমে দৃষ্টি দিতে চাই।
Bharat is on rise at the moment as never before – VP Dhankhar exhorted 76th batch of IRS Officer (13/03/2023)-Where on earth do you find a judiciary that acts at lightning speed? Can we ever question the independence of our judiciary? Our Supreme Court is the finest court manned by gifted people. In our democracy, there will always be issues. There will be issues between legislature, executive and judiciary. Because we are in a dynamic society. Issues will keep on coming. These issues are required to be determined. Those who are at the apex of these institutions, I am at one as Chairman Rajya Sabha, we can’t be complainants. We have to be collaborators.
Brief history of Finance and technology – Pablo Hernández de Cos-2019-19 November 2019 Good evening, and thank you for inviting me to speak at this year’s Euro Finance Week. Introduction As many of you know, I was appointed Chairman of the Basel Committee earlier this year. Over the past few
Chinese Premier Li Keqiang’s speech to British think tanks (18/06/2014)-Both the UK and China are great nations. We both have a time-honored history and each has created a splendid past. Now, both countries are determined to ride the tide of the times and seek new changes. As the English poet Percy Shelley wrote, “Man cannot make occasions, but he may seize those that offer.” Similarly, the famous Chinese writer Su Shi of the Song Dynasty remarked that “when your turn comes, seize it; and when opportunity knocks at the door, grab it, or it will slip away” . China and the UK, the East and the West, developing countries and developed ones alike, should seize opportunities, meet challenges together, and build a better world through inclusive development.
Churchill’s Iron Curtain speech- 05/03/1946-lie all the capitals of the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin, Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia, all these famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I must call the Soviet sphere, and all are subject in one form or another, not only to Soviet influence but to a very high and, in some cases, increasing measure of control from Moscow.
Cicero : De Lege Agraria (63 BCE)-On agrarian law-Thus I maintain, O Romans, that this admirable and popular agrarian law gives you nothing, but makes a present of everything to certain individuals ; it holds lands before the eyes of the Roman people and robs them even of liberty ; it increases the wealth of private persons and exhausts the fortunes of the State ; lastly, the most disgraceful thing of all, a tribune of the plebs, a magistrate whom our ancestors intended to be the protector and guardian of liberty, is to set up kings in the republic. After I have put all these facts before you, if they appear to you to be untrue, I will follow your authority and change my opinion.
Communism and Pan-Islamism : Speech by Tan Malaka (1922)-one must first understand what the word Pan-Islamism really means. Once, it had a historical significance and meant that Islam must conquer the whole world, sword in hand, and that this must take place under the leadership of the Caliph, and the Caliph must be of Arabian origin. About 400 years after the death of Mohammed the Muslims split into three great states and thus the Holy War lost its significance for the entire Muslim world.
Constitutionality of rules regulating the financing of political campaigns – John Paul Steven-It is fundamental to the definition of our national political community that foreign citizens do not have a constitutional right to participate in, and thus may be excluded from, activities of democratic self-government. It follows, therefore, that the United States has a compelling interest for purposes of First Amendment analysis in limiting the participation of foreign citizens in activities of American democratic self-government, and in thereby preventing foreign influence over the U. s. political process.
Creative Thinking- A speech by Claude Shannon-1952-I might mention is the idea of structural analysis of a problem. Suppose you have your problem here and a solution here. You may have two big a jump to take. What you can try to do is to break down that jump into a large number of small jumps. If this were a set of mathematical axioms and this were a theorem or conclusion that you were trying to prove, it might be too much for me try to prove this thing in one fell swoop.
Cryptocurrencies – An assessment : Address by RBI Deputy Governor on 14/02/2022-That cryptocurrencies are decentralized systems where transactions are authenticated by participants themselves by consensus. They are designed to bypass the financial system and all its controls. They cannot be traced or confiscated or frozen by Governments.
Curse of Zaynab daughter of Ali & Fatimah to Yazid in Damascus-680 CE-Is this the custom of justice that you sit your women-folk and maids behind the veils, while you captivate and parade the daughters of the Prophet of Allah (s)? You snatch the veils off them and leave them open, while their enemies parade them from one town to another, and the inhabitants of every stream and town have a glimpse of them?
Daniel Webster on the Draft-1814-Speech of Daniel Webster [The House had under consideration a bill proposing to draft men for service in the War of 1812.] MR. Webster. Mr. Chairman: After the best reflection which I have been able to bestow on the subject
Elizabeth I’s Tilbury speech-9/8/1588-Let tyrants fear. I have always so behaved myself that, under God, I have placed my chiefest strength and safeguard in the loyal hearts and good-will of my subjects; and therefore I am come amongst you, as you see, at this time, not for my recreation and disport, but being resolved, in the midst and heat of the battle, to live and die amongst you all; to lay down for my God, and for my kingdom, and my people, my honour and my blood, even in the dust
Enhancing Economic Engagement with Diaspora in and post Covid-19 world-Sanjay Bhattacharyya-The idea behind self-reliance or Aatmanirbharta is not to turn the country inwards, or into an isolationist country, but to the contrary, it is to ensure that India can emerge as the global nerve centre of the complex modern multinational supply chains. As External Affairs Minister Dr. S. Jaishankar noted: "Foreign policy begins at home. A strong economy allows us to be heard in the world. A self-reliant India will have more to offer to the world”.
Every adjudicator and support staff has an individual role to play to assist the Judiciary-Chief Justice Mumba Malila SC (22/12/2021)-I yearn for a Judiciary that is diverse and safeguards inclusiveness, that is to say, employees from all parts of our country feel free to be themselves in the organisation. In less elevated language my vision is of a Judiciary where the notoriety of current criticisms of the institution, encouraged as they are principally by a culture of slackness and prevarication, are transformed into a chorus of plaudits and admiration for an institution truly offering a fair and responsive system of justice, easily accessible — one whose decisions are based on sound reasoning delivered timely and predictably by qualified adjudicators; one which is effectively managed and which fully utilizes technological advancement; an effective and sustainable organisation which focuses on fulfilling its duties to society.
Farewell speech of Emperor Dhritarastra to the denizens of Kuru-I join my hands before you who are distinguished for loyalty. Here, I bow to you all. Ye sinless one, I, with Gandhari by my side, solicit your pardon now for anything done to you by those sons of mine, of restless understandings, stained by cupidity, and ever acting as their desires prompted.’ Thus addressed by the old monarch, all those citizens and inhabitants of the provinces, filled with tears, said nothing but only looked at one another
Farewell speech of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto to the UNSC-1971-Everyday that the Indian Army of occupation stays there, it will be a grim reminder for Muslim Bengal that they are under Hindu occupation, and you will see the result of it. You will see how it will turn out. Let them stay—why not? Let them stay. Let them swagger around. If they want to take East Pakistan, let them stay as an army of occupation. They are an army of occupation; how can they be called liberators? They will stay, and they will see how the clock is going to move in a different direction.
FBI and Private Sector: Battling the Cyber Threat Together-Christopher Wray-28/01/2021-At the FBI, we’ve been fighting the cyber threat for many years now. We began our early high-tech crime effort in the mid-1990s, and created our Cyber Division almost 20 years ago, in 2002. We’ve become known for our efforts to call out destabilizing and damaging cyber activity by nation-state actors, like the indictment last summer of two hackers working on behalf of the Chinese Ministry of State Security, stealing intellectual property from companies in the U.S. and around the world while also targeting dissidents who spoke out against the Communist Party.
Few judicial pronouncements gave a distinct impression of an overreach-VP of India-Higher judiciary deciding on Diwali fireworks, banning of use vehicles of certain make after 10 or 15 years, monitoring police investigations, denying the executive any role in the appointment of judges through collegiums, invalidating the National Judicial Appointments Commission Act seeking to enforce accountability and transparencyetc were some instances referred to by Shri Naidu as being perceived as instances of judicial overreach.
Final speech of the Holy Prophet of Islam at Mount Arafat-632 CE-PLACE: Uranah Valley of Mount Arafat, Mecca PERIOD: During the Hajj wada [a few months before his death] of the year 632 C.E DATE: Ninth day of Dhul Hijjah, the 12th month of the lunar year 10 AH After praising
First Political Announcement: Abraham Lincoln-09/03/1832-The Sangamo Journal published this statement by Abraham Lincoln, who was seeking his first seat in the Illinois General Assembly. He lost the election, running eighth in a field of 13 candidates, but received a heavy majority in his own precinct -- despite being only 23 years old and a newcomer to the state and community.
George Washington’s Inaugural Address-30/04/1789-Such being the impressions under which I have, in obedience to the public summons, repaired to the present station; it would be peculiarly improper to omit in this first official Act, my fervent supplications to that Almighty Being who rules over the Universe, who presides in the Councils of Nations, and whose providential aids can supply every human defect, that his benediction may consecrate to the liberties and happiness of the People of the United States, a Government instituted by themselves for these essential purposes
Goal of Iranian nation and Islamic Revolution is to build a new Islamic civilization – Ayatollah Khamenei (14/10/2012)-But the important part of civilization is what makes up the essence of life - namely, lifestyle. This is the important part of civilization. The issue of family, wedding customs, housing, clothing, norms of consumption, food, cuisine, hobbies, orthography, language, business, behavior in the workplace, behavior in university, behavior at school, behavior in political activities, behavior in sports, behavior in the media, behavior towards one's parents, behavior towards one's partner, behavior towards one's children, behavior towards one's boss, behavior towards one's employees, behavior towards the police, behavior towards government officials, travel, personal hygiene, behavior towards friends, behavior towards enemies, behavior towards foreigners: these things are the essential part of civilization and they make up the essence of human life.
Government of India – Thomas Babington Macaulay-10/07/1833-"Government of India"- A SPEECH DELIVERED IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS ON THE 10TH OF JULY 1833-by Thomas Babington Macaulay (1800-1859)-I am naturally desirous to obtain the attention of the House while I attempt to defend the principles of the proposed arrangement. I wish that I could promise to be very brief; but the subject is so extensive that I will only promise to condense what I have to say as much as I can.
Hajj should be a manifestation of the unity of the Islamic Ummah – Imam Khamenei (08/06/2022)-In Hajj, one of the most important issues is coexistence. People who do not know each other at all – people from different cultures, countries, ethnicities and languages – must live together here, “Let them stay away from intimate relations, foul language, and arguments during Hajj.” [Holy Quran, 2: 197] This means that we don’t have the right to fight with each other or argue during Hajj. This is coexistence.
Imam Al-Husayn’s Sermon before 700 people in Mina-678 CE-Do you know that the Prophet (s) said: "I am the head of all the children of Adam (a) and my brother, Ali (a), is the head of all Arabs, Fatima (a) is the head of all women in the Heaven, and my sons, Hasan and Husayn (a), are the heads of all young people in the Heaven?
Imam Sajjad(Grand son of Ali)cursed Kufans for their betrayal in Karbala Fight-680 CE-O people! I tell you in the name of Allah! Do you not know that you had written a letter to my father inviting him? You deceived him while pledging and promising to aid him and took the oath of allegiance to him. And in return you fought against him and abandoned him?
Inaugural Address by President Joseph R. Biden, Jr.- 20/01/2021-Our history has been a constant struggle between the American ideal that we are all created equal and the harsh, ugly reality that racism, nativism, fear, and demonization have long torn us apart. Through the Civil War, the Great Depression, World War, 9/11, through struggle, sacrifice, and setbacks, our “better angels” have always prevailed.
India’s population is expected to grow to 1.52 billion by 2036 – VP Of India-Referring to the delivery of basic services, he said the country was facing many challenges with 20 per cent of population below the poverty line and an equal proportion illiterate. In this context, he stressed the need for people to plan their families. As Prime Minister Narendrabhai Modi had said in his Independence Day speech last year that those who follow the policy of small family contribute to the development of the nation, the Vice President said.
Indian Judicial System-Justice Dr. AR. Lakshmanan (09/04/2005)-The Judge must give due respect to the staff of the Court. The Court staff is part of the Judge himself. The Court staff may commit mistakes in open court. Be discreet and do not expose the mistakes of the staff to the public eye. The Court staff must be treated by the Judge with due respect and dignity in open court. Not even an attender should feel that he has been slighted and be-littled.
Indian PM Modi’s opening remarks at 12th BRICS Summit-17/11/2020-Both credibility and effectiveness of global governance institutions are being questioned. The main reason for this is that these did not change with time. These are still rooted in the thinking and reality of a world which was seen 75 years ago. India believes that reforms are a must in the UN Security Council. We expect support from our BRICS partners in this matter. Apart from the UN, many other international institutions are also not functioning according to current realities. Institutions like WTO, IMF, WHO must also reform.
Indian PM Narendra Modi’s address from Red Fort: 74th ID- August 15, 2020-Enough is enough. What should be the mind-set of independent India? The mind-set of independent India should be ‘Vocal for Local’. We should take pride in our local products. If we do not praise and support our indigenous products, then how will they get an opportunity to flourish and improve, how will they gain strength? Come, let’s pledge that as we move towards the 75th year of our independence, we shall adopt the talisman of ‘Vocal for Local’ and together let's strengthen ourselves.
Indian PM’s speech at the commissioning of INS Vikrant (02/09/2022)-Today , here on the coast of Kerala , every Indian is witnessing the sunrise of a new future . Organized on INS Vikrant , the event is a showcase for India 's rising spirit on the global horizon . A capable , strong and powerful India was dreamed of by our freedom fighters in the freedom movement
Is every good person suitable for management?-Because you are a weak person, be careful not to be the leader of even two people! This means that the weakness that the Prophet mentioned is a weakness in management. Therefore, he is saying that you are a person who do not have the skill for management. If you are the leader of two or more people, you cannot guide them properly to success. This is a lesson for us. We - not all of us, but some of us - are like this. As soon as a position is vacant, or maybe vacant soon, we immediately look forward to getting that position! Well, you should first consider if you can perform its responsibilities well, or not.
Is there any survival after death? -J. Krishnamurti-1980-Life After Death, Advocatedtanmoy covers a range of topics related to the afterlife, including near-death experiences, astral projection, and ghosts. He also explores the different beliefs and traditions around the afterlife present in various cultures, and the spiritual and scientific implications of life after death. He provides insight into the religious, philosophical, and scientific perspectives on the subject, exploring theories such as reincarnation and the possibility of a soul existing after death. He also discusses the psychological and emotional impact of death and bereavement, as well as the complex ethical issues that arise when considering the potential implications of life after death.
J. V. Stalin’s last speech at 19th Party Congress of the C.P.S.U -14/10/1952-Earlier, the bourgeoisie presented themselves as liberal, they were for bourgeois democratic freedom and in that way gained popularity with the people. Now there is not one remaining trace of liberalism. There is no such thing as "freedom of personality" any more, - personal rights are now only acknowledged by them, the owners of capital, - all the other citizens are regarded as raw materials, that are only for exploitation.
Jeff Bezos of Amazon- Speech before U.S House Committee on the Judiciary-2020-The concept for Amazon came to me in 1994. The idea of building an online bookstore with millions of titles—something that simply couldn’t exist in the physical world—was exciting to me. At the time, I was working at an investment firm in New York City. When I told my boss I was leaving, he took me on a long walk in Central Park. After a lot of listening, he finally said, “You know what, Jeff, I think this is a good idea, but it would be a better idea for somebody who didn’t already have a good job.”
Judicial & Legal Responses to Gender-Based Violence and Femicide-Justice Mandisa Maya, President, SC of South Africa-The Courts have also delivered numerous, important cases which emphasize the rights of victims of gender-based violence and continue to send out strong messages by imposing tough sentences and through direct remarks that gender violence is not acceptable and that the State will be held accountable for upholding the rights of women. Landmark cases include Omar v Government of the Republic of South Africa & others3 which upheld the provision for protective orders in the Domestic Violence Act.
Judicial independence – from what and to what end-Chief Justice of Australia Susan Kiefel(27/03/2021)-"Judicial Independence" is a subtle concept. In the Australian constitutional context, it is often spoken of as a systemic quality. For example it has been said that it is "fundamental to the common law system of adversarial trial" that it be "conducted by an independent and impartial tribunal”, and that this principle is “fundamental to the Australian judicial system".
Judicial independence is an essential component of rule of law-Stephen Breyer-Hamilton knew that our Constitution establishes a democracy, but it does not establish a pure democracy. Rather, it establishes a democracy of a certain kind. It divides power, vertically between States and the federal government and horizontally among three federal branches so that no individuals or single branch of government can amass too much power
Mahinda Rajapaksa addressed UNGS-20/09/2006-However, Sri Lanka’s dream is threatened by a terrible affliction that impedes development, undermines democracy and challenges fundamental freedoms. I refer to the bane of terrorism which confronts my country and many other countries of the world. I reaffirm my Government’s firm commitment to supporting all global efforts to combat terrorism whenever and wherever it raises its ugly head. Terrorism has become closely intertwined with organized crime.
Martin Luther King’s “I Have A Dream Speech”[1963]-August 28, 1963 I am happy to join with you today in what will go down in history as the greatest demonstration for freedom in the history of our nation. Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic
Message of Abraham Lincoln to 2nd Session of 37th congress- 3/12/1861-Labor is prior to, and independent of, capital. Capital is only the fruit of labor, and could never have existed if labor had not first existed. Labor is the superior of capital, and deserves much the higher consideration. Capital has its rights, which are as worthy of protection as any other rights.
My Fast as a Protest – Gandhi’s Speech on the eve of last fast-12/01/1948-Death for me would be a glorious deliverance rather than that I should be a helpless witness of the destruction of India, Hinduism, Sikhism and Islam. That destruction is certain if Pakistan ensures no equality of status and security of life and property for all professing the various faiths of the world, and if India copies her
Napoleon I’s speech to the French people-1797-Napoleon Bonaparte-Speech to the Directory Delivered on December 10, 1797 CITIZENS, the French people, in order to be free, had kings to combat. To obtain a Constitution founded on reason, it had the prejudices of eighteen centuries to overcome, The
National Statement by PM Jonas Gahr Støre of Norway at the Summit for Democracy-09/12/2021-We need to bring everyone along. We need to arrive at a society that is more equitable, not less. We need opportunity and prosperity, not for the few, but for the many. This requires political leadership. It requires a political system with legitimate institutions and processes where people have a say. That system has a name: Democracy.
New Year Address to the Nation by President Putin of the Russian Federation-31/12/2021-But the real magic of the New Year is that it opens our hearts to empathy and trust, generosity and mercy. Wherever you may be during these minutes – with your family and friends, or in the squares of your beloved cities – you will hear these warm and sincere wishes.
On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences-Khrushchev(1956)-During Lenin's life the central committee of the party- was a real expression of collective leadership of the party and of the Nation. Being a militant Marxist-revolutionist, always unyielding in matters of principle, Lenin never imposed by force his views upon his coworkers. He tried to convince; he patiently explained his opinions to others. Lenin always diligently observed that the norms of party life were realized, that the party statute was enforced, that the party congresses and the plenary sessions of the central committee took place at the proper intervals.
Open banking in India by Rajeshwar Rao-Thank you for inviting me this evening to the Mint's Annual Banking Conclave. The organisers have quite aptly selected an extremely topical and contemporary theme, i.e., Future of Banking: Navigating a Digital Opportunity for this year's conclave. During the previous edition of this conclave, I remember Governor Shaktikanta Das speaking about digital disruptions and blurring of boundaries between traditional banks and FinTech & BigTech. Looking at the constellation of speakers who have been engaging with you, I am sure you all have had an extremely enlightening discourse on several of the emerging issues during the conclave.
Our borders were not of our own drawing -Martin Kimani at UNSC 22/02/2022-Kenya registers its strong concern and opposition to the recognition of Donetsk and Luhansk as independent states. We further strongly condemn the trend in the last few decades of powerful states, including members of this Security Council, breaching international law with little regard.
Our enemy Islamic extremism targets our values and constitution -Austrian Chancellor Sebastian Kurz’-Our enemy, Islamic extremism, that targets all our values and our constitution, does not only intend to cause death and pain – it also intends to divide our society. And this, we will not allow. We will not give room for their hatred. Our enemies never are the members of an entire religion. Our enemies never are all people coming from one certain country. No, our enemies are extremists and terrorists. There is definitely no place for them in our society. Because in our free society, there is no tolerance for intolerance.
PM’s address at dedication of 216-feet ‘Statue of Equality’ of 11th century Ramanujacharya-5/02/2022-The Statue is made of ‘panchaloha’, a combination of five metals: gold, silver, copper, brass, and zync and is among one of the tallest metallic statues in sitting position, in the world. It is mounted on a 54-ft high base building, named ‘Bhadra Vedi’, has floors devoted for a Vedic digital library and research centre, ancient Indian texts, a theatre, an educational gallery detailing many works of Sri Ramanujacharya. The statue has been conceptualised by Sri Chinna Jeeyar Swami of Sri Ramanujacharya Ashram.
PM’s speech at inauguration of Kashi Vishwanath Temple-काशी विश्वनाथ धाम के उद्घाटन के अवसर पर प्रधानमंत्री के भाषण-13/12/2021-बाबा विश्वनाथ मंदिर की आभा बढ़ाने के लिए पंजाब से महाराजा रणजीत सिंह ने 23 मण सोना चढ़ाया था, इसके शिखर पर सोना मढ़वाया था। पंजाब से पूज्य गुरुनानक देव जी भी काशी आए थे, यहाँ सत्संग किया था। दूसरे सिख गुरुओं का भी काशी से विशेष रिश्ता रहा था। पंजाब के लोगों ने काशी के पुनर्निर्माण के लिए दिल खोलकर दान दिया था। पूरब में बंगाल की रानी भवानी ने बनारस के विकास के लिए अपना सब कुछ अर्पण किया। मैसूर और दूसरे दक्षिण भारतीय राजाओं का भी बनारस के लिए बहुत बड़ा योगदान रहा है। ये एक ऐसा शहर है जहां आपको उत्तर, दक्षिण, नेपाली, लगभग हर तरह की शैली के मंदिर दिख जाएंगे। विश्वनाथ मंदिर इसी आध्यात्मिक चेतना का केंद्र रहा है, और अब ये विश्वनाथ धाम परिसर अपने भव्य रूप में इस चेतना को और ऊर्जा देगा।
President George Washington’s Farewell Speech -1796-Though, in reviewing the incidents of my administration, I am unconscious of intentional error, I am nevertheless too sensible of my defects not to think it probable that I may have committed many errors. Whatever they may be, I fervently beseech the Almighty to avert or mitigate the evils to which they may tend. I shall also carry with me the hope that my country will never cease to view them with indulgence; and that, after forty five years of my life dedicated to its service with an upright zeal, the faults of incompetent abilities will be consigned to oblivion, as myself must soon be to the mansions of rest.
Presidential Address by Aga Khan at the International Seerat Conference – 1976-There is no justification for delaying the search for the answer to this question by the Muslims of the world, because we have the knowledge that Islam is Allah's final message, the Qur'an His final book and Muhammed His last Prophet. We are blessed that the answers drawn from these sources guarantee that neither now, nor at any time in the future will we be going astray.
Presidential address by Muhammad Ali Jinnah to the Muslim League Lucknow- 1916-No mere conventional words are needed on my part to express my deep thanks for the great privilege you have conferred on me by selecting me as President of the Ninth Annual Session of the All-India Muslim League. The honour is the highest in the gift of the Muslim community, to which those alone may aspire who have given freely of their thought and time to the service of the communal cause. I am fully sensible of how little I have done to deserve such distinction, nor could I have the presumption to desire it with such a clear sense of my own unworthiness.
Presidential Address to All-India Muslim Conference by Muhammad Iqbal-1932-The British Government's present attitude, however, would show that they do not mean to function as an impartial holder of balance in India, and are indirectly driving the Indian communities, which are mainly Hindus and Muslims, to a kind of civil war. We tried the majority community and found them unwilling to recognize the safeguards which we can forego at a risk of complete extinction as a nation determined to live its own life.
Principles of Americanism-speech by George Bissel-1940-Basically Americanism has been defined as a desire to see one's country right and to be right one's self. I think Americanism is far deeper and more specific than that. As I see it, it is bedded deep in the doctrine of the old common law, "So use that which is yours that you wrong no man."
Protecting the Sacred, Constitutional Right to Vote-President Biden-13/07/2021-My fellow Americans, it requires fair-mindedness; devotion to justice; corny as it sounds, a love of country. It requires us to unite in common purpose, to declare here and now: We, the people, will never give up. (Applause.) We will not give in. We will overcome. We will do it together. And guaranteeing the right to vote, ensuring every vote is counted has always been the most patriotic thing we can do.
Psychology of Human Misjudgment- speech by Charlie Munger-Harvard University -1995 I am very interested in the subject of human misjudgment, and Lord knows I’ve created a good bit of it. I don’t think I’ve created my full statistical share, and I think that one of the reasons
Purpose of Education – Speech by C. Rajagopalachari, Governor-General of India – 08/09/1949-When straying from the studies prescribed for me when I was young, I read Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress, and chapters in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible, and later I acquainted myself with the thoughts of Socrates, Marcus Aurelius and Brother Lawrence, the joy and reverence within me swelled towards the Upanishads, the Gita and the Mahabharata though no one incited me to it.
Remarks by U.S. President at The Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act-2021-This law makes this the most significant investment in roads and bridges in the past 70 years. It makes the most significant investment in passenger rail in the past 50 years and in public transit ever. The bipartisan law will modernize our ports, our airports, our freight rail to make it easier for companies to get goods to market; reduce supply chain bottlenecks, as we’re experiencing now; and lower cost for you and your family. This law builds back our bridges, our water systems, our powerlines, our levees better and stronger so few Americans will be flooded out of their homes or lose power in those days and weeks that comes with the storms that hit.
Remarks of President Radhakrishnan on the inauguration of Nagaland State – 01/12/1963-The Fundamental Rights enshrined in our Constitution, such as equality before law, prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth, equality of opportunity in matters of public employment, freedom of conscience and free profession, practice and propagation of religion will apply to the people of Nagaland.
Resignation speech of BR Ambedkar from Govt and Parliament following Hindu Code Bill-10/10/1951-The Prime Minister’s whole time and attention is devoted for the protection of the Muslims. I yield to none, not even to the Prime Minister, in my desire to give the Muslims of India the utmost protection wherever and whenever they stand in need of it. But what I want to know is, are the Muslims the only people who need protection? Are the Scheduled Castes, Scheduled Tribes and the Indian Christians not in need of protection? What concern has he shown for these communities? So far as I know, none and yet these are the communities which need far more care and attention than the Muslims..
Responsible Digital Innovation-T Rabi Sankar-Fintech, or technology that provides digital financial services is transforming the provision and delivery of financial services. At its most basic level digital technology enables speed – speed in processing information and speed in communication. Processing speed has reduced cost and time for transactions while communication speed has enhanced connectivity of systems expanding the reach of transactions.
RSS Chief Mohan Bhagwat’s Vijaya Dashami Speech-30/09/2017-We have assembled here to celebrate the pious occasion of this year’s Vijayadashami. This year is the birth centenary year of Venerable Padmabhushan His Eminence Kushok Bakula Rinpoche. This year is also the 125th anniversary of Swami Vivekananda’s historic Chicago speech and 150th birth anniversary of his renowned disciple Bhagini Nivedita.
Rule of Law in South Africa-Justice Mogoeng Mogoeng-25/06/2013-The judiciary is the third branch of government; the third arm of the state. There simply can be no state or government without the judiciary in a genuine constitutional democracy. To breathe life into the African dream that is inspired by the desire to break free from centuries of economic oppression, and to recapture the lost glory of Africa, the judiciary in Africa must be more alive to the enormous responsibilities it bears on its shoulders to contribute to the renaissance of Africa.
Russian Presidential Address to the Federal Assembly-21/04/2022-he meaning and purpose of Russia's policy in the international arena – I will just say a few words about this to conclude my address – is to ensure peace and security for the well-being of our citizens, for the stable development of our country. Russia certainly has its own interests we defend and will continue to defend within the framework of international law, as all other states do. And if someone refuses to understand this obvious thing or does not want to conduct a dialogue and chooses a selfish and arrogant tone with us, Russia will always find a way to defend its stance.
SLAVERY IN MASSACHUSETTS-Henry David Thoreau-1854-The whole military force of the State is at the service of a Mr. Suttle, a slaveholder from Virginia, to enable him to catch a man whom he calls his property; but not a soldier is offered to save a citizen of Massachusetts from being kidnapped! Is this what all these soldiers, all this training, has been for these seventy-nine years past? Have they been trained merely to rob Mexico and carry back fugitive slaves to their masters?
Speech by Duke of Cambridge on arrival reception in Mumbai India (10/04/2016)-An India whose traditions, culture and civilisation go back thousands of years, and yet co-exist with an India that is young, creative, entrepreneurial – an economic, cultural and political powerhouse, and an established democracy under the rule of law.
Speech by President Dr. Rajendra Prasad on the eve of First Republic Day of India-26/01/1950-Our Constitution is a democratic instrument seeking to ensure to the individual citizens the freedoms which are so invaluable. India has never prescribed or prosecuted opinion and faith and our philosophy has room as much for a devotee of a personal god, as for an agnostic or an atheist. We shall, therefore, be only implementing in practice under our Constitution what we have inherited from our traditions, namely, freedom of opinion and expression. Under the new set-up, which we are inaugurating today, we hope to live up to the teachings of our Master and help in our own humble way in the establishment of peace in the world.
Speech by President Dr Rajendra Prasad – ‘Education And Our Present Needs’- 9/12/1950-The most ancient and undoubtedly the main current is the one which has been flowing from Vedic times (or perhaps even before) in our country and the life-giving waters of which have been satisfying the spiritual thirst of our people through all these centuries. It has enriched our life by inspiring it with lofty ideals, associated with great names which have become by-words in our sacred literature and ancient history, A synonym for faithfulness is Harishchandra; for sacrifice, Dadhichi; for surpassing pity, Shivi; for charity, Kama; for statesmanship, Rama; for disinterested service, Krishna; for ahimsa, the Buddha; and for dharma chakra, Asoka.
Speech by Xi Jinping at a ceremony marking the centenary of the CPC- 01/07/2021-With the salvoes of Russia’s October Revolution in 1917, Marxism-Leninism was brought to China. Then in 1921, as the Chinese people and the Chinese nation were undergoing a great awakening and Marxism-Leninism was becoming closely integrated with the Chinese workers’ movement, the Communist Party of China was born.
Speech of Indian PM at General Debate of 75th Session of UNGA 2020-For how long will India be kept out of the decision-making structures of the United Nations? A country, which is the largest democracy of the world, A country with more than 18% of the world population, A country, which has hundreds of languages, hundreds of dialects, many sects, many ideologies, A country, which was a leading global economy for centuries and also one which has seen hundreds of years of foreign rule.
Speech of Muhammad Ali Jinnah on 03/06/1947 [Transfer of the Power]-Transfer of the Power JUNE 3 (1947) Broadcast Speech on 3rd June, 1947 from the All India Radio, New Delhi, giving his reactions to June-3 Plan I am glad that I am afforded an opportunity to speak to you directly
Speech of Vladimir Putin in the 10th National Congress of Judges (29/11/2022)-The congress is taking place on November 29 – December 1 at the State Kremlin Palace, with over 800 delegates representing the entire judicial system of Russia. The National Congress of Judges, the supreme body of the judicial community, analyses the state of affairs in the Russian judicial system and issues resolutions concerning its further development. The 10th National Congress of Judges is dedicated to reviewing amendments to the Code of Judicial Ethics and selecting new members of the Council of Judges, the Higher Qualification Board of Judges and the Higher Examination Commission for the judge qualification exam.
Speech on Labourers Acts by Daniel Desmond Sheehan in House of commons-1901-First major speech delivered by D. D. Sheehan MP. in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, concerning the inadequate provisions for housing of Irish labourers and fishermen under the existing Labourers Acts, during the Service Estimates debate on 8 August 1901.
State of global financial regulation- William Coen-1- Introduction Thank you for this opportunity to provide an update on the Basel Committee’s work to finalise the global regulatory framework, as well as its longer-term agenda. I note that I started with similar words on this occasion last
State of the Nation Address by Mondli Gungubele, National Assembly of South Africa (14/02/2023)-Fellow South Africans, it is a fact that we cannot build a developmental state when our security and intelligence services are not modernized and capable. It is for this reason that Government continues to work tirelessly to strengthen the intelligence services and the coordination of the intelligence community.
Student’s Role in Nation Building-Jinnah at Dhaka University 24/03/1948-The State language therefore, must obviously be Urdu, a language that has been nurtured by a hundred million Muslims of this sub-continent, a language understood throughout the length and breadth of Pakistan and above all a language which, more than any other provincial language, embodies the best that is in Islamic culture and Muslim tradition and is nearest to the language used in other Islamic countries.
Television Speech by USSR President Gorbachev as he relinquished power on 25/12/1991-Due to the current situation with the formation of the Commonwealth of Independent States, I terminate my activity as President of the USSR . I am making this decision for reasons of principle. [В силу сложившейся ситуации с образованием GlossarСодружества Независимых Государств я прекращаю свою деятельность на посту GlossarПрезидента СССР. Принимаю это решение по принципиальным соображениям]
Text of PM Modi`s Special Key Note Address at US-ISPF US-India Summit 2020-For challenges in India, you have a Government that believes in delivering results. A government for which Ease of living is as important as the Ease of doing business. You are looking at a young country with 65 percent population less than 35 years old. You are looking at an aspirational country that has decided to take the nation to new heights.
The Ballot or the Bullet: Speech by Malcolm X- 03/04/1964-So it’s the ballot or the bullet. Today, our people can see that we’re faced with a government conspiracy. This government has failed us. The senators who are filibustering concerning your and my rights, that’s the government. Don’t say it’s southern senators, this is the government. This is a government filibuster. It’s not a segregationist filibuster, it’s a government filibuster. Any kind of activity that takes place on the floor of the Congress or the Senate, that’s the government. Any kind of dilly-dallying, that’s the government. Any kind of pussy-footing, that’s the government.
The Crimes of the Shah by Ruhollah Khomeini-1978-The movement emanates from Qum, from the city itself, from the religious students, from the `ulama, from the teachers (may God support all of them), from the masses of its people who are the faithful soldiers of Islam, and it spreads throughout the country. It remains to be seen whether it will spread to us here in Najaf or not; God only knows what will happen.
The Loves of a Life by Giuseppe Mazzini-1848-Love your country. Your country is the land where your parents sleep, where is spoken that language in which the chosen of your heart, blushing, whispered the first word of love; it is the house that God has given you, that, by striving to perfect yourselves therein, you may prepare to ascend to him. It is your name, your glory, your sign among the peoples. Give to it your thought, your counsel, your blood. Raise it up, great and beautiful, as foretold by our great men.
The Rule of Law, the Courts and the British Economy-Lord Hodge (04/10/2022)-English law governed around
£80 billion of gross written insurance premiums in the London market; £250 billion of global
M&A deals; US$11.6 trillion of global metals trading; and €661.5 trillion of global derivatives
transactions.49 English law is the governing law of choice for maritime contracts, a sector that
contributes over £15 billion annually to the UK economy. English law secures 7% of the global
legal services fee revenue of US$ 713 billion.
Transboundary water conflicts related to International waterbody – Justice K. M. Kamrul Kader-There are 263 transboundary river basins in the world; many of them lack an agreement among the riparian states about how to share or to jointly manage the water resources. On a global level, there is no binding international agreement / convention on transboundary water in force. Even the most cordial and co-operative neighboring nations have found it difficult to achieve mutually acceptable arrangements to govern their transboundary surface waters, even in relatively humid regions where fresh water usually is found in sufficient abundance to satisfy most or all needs.
UK PM’s address to the nation on Russian invasion of Ukraine – 24/02/2022-Ukraine is a country that for decades has enjoyed freedom and democracy and the right to choose its own destiny. We – and the world – cannot allow that freedom just to be snuffed out. We cannot and will not just look away.
USA is a mafia regime creates crises in world and feeds on them – Imam Khamenei (01/03/2022)-Today, life in the western civilization is based on greed and avarice. The basis of life in western civilization is greed and avarice. Today, the basis of all western values is money. Everything is measured with money. The foundation of all western values rests on money at present. Morality, spirituality and everything else is measured with money.
Venice principles on the role of Ombudsman institution-M. Nikolatos -The concept of good governance is a very old one; it can be traced back to the works of the Ancient Greek Philosopher Aristotle, who referred to good governance, in order to describe a state ruled by an ethical and just governor
Vietnamese PM Remarks at 26th International Conference on Future of Asia-The COVID-19 pandemic, however, is viewed as “the most dreadful disaster facing the humanities since the World War II. The pandemic has been and will enormously impact the regional and global landscape, and the social and economic life of all countries.
We Repudiate the Efforts of Irresponsible, Extremist Groups – Nelson Aldrich Rockefeller-1964-The Republican Party fully respects the contribution of responsible criticism, and defends the right of dissent in the democratic process. But we repudiate the efforts of irresponsible, extremist groups, such as the Communists, the Ku Klux Klan, the John Birch Society and others, to discredit our Party by their efforts to infiltrate positions of responsibility in the Party, or to attach themselves to its candidates.
We stand, we fight and we will win- Address by Zelenskyy in a joint meeting of the US Congress (22/12/2022)-This battle is not only for the territory – for this or another part of Europe. This battle is not only for life, freedom and security of Ukrainians or any other nation, which Russia attempts to conquer. This struggle will define – in what world our children and grandchildren will live and then – their children and grandchildren. It will define whether it will be a democracy – for Ukrainians and for Americans – for all. From the United States to China, from Europe to Latin America, and from Africa to Australia – the world is too interconnected and interdependent to allow someone to stay aside – and at the same time – to feel safe when such a battle continues.
What Makes A Good Judge?- Lady Rose, Barnard’s Inn talk (16/06/2022)-. Judge Sharpe’s answer is that judging is not an abstract or mechanical process – it is an
intensely human process. The judge is engaged in unravelling and resolving disputes that often have had a profound effect on the lives of the litigants. A judge who is able to see all sides of a problem has a better chance of making a decision that is both fair and just
and seen to be fair and just.
What would a Socialist Pakistan look like? –Tanvir Gondal -Pakistan has huge resources which are not being tapped. In Balochistan there are estimated deposits of 1500 billion cubic feet of gas under the ground, and also vast reserves of coal. Why can’t they use these resources for the benefit of society? Instead, these valuable resources will be plundered by big foreign companies, aided and abetted by their local agents in the governments of Pakistan.
When Indian attacked Pakistan in 1965, Ayub Khan was playing golf in Swat-Zulfikar Ali Bhutto-(08/03/1970)-Parliamentary democracy is a British institution. Muslims did not invent it. If our opponents consider Quran as a complete code of life, then why are they demanding parliamentary democracy? Similarly, if the Holy Quran is a beacon of light for the Muslims, and if it includes all laws, then why are these people harping on the 1956 Constitution? Where is the 1956 Constitution provided for in Islam?
