NOTE: Charu Majumdar (First General Secretary of the CPI(ML) was born in 1918 in Siliguri, West Bengal. His father was a freedom fighter. In 1946, Mazumdar joined the Tebhaga movement. He was briefly imprisoned in 1962. At the time of emergency, he was captured from his Calcutta hide-out on July 16,1972 by Runu Guha Niyogi (Detective Department) and killed in police custody at Alipore Central Jail on July 28, 1972. His body was not handed over to his family and Police accompanied with immediate family members carried the body to crematorium. The whole area was cordoned off and no other relatives were allowed to touch his body before it was consigned to flames. His comrade Jangal Santhal turned into an alcoholic and headed towards a disgraceful end in 1981. Kanu Sanyal, a resident of Siliguri, his other comrade was to disown violence and opt for parliamentary democracy. In 2010 he committed suicide. Naxalbari movement failed.
In his last letter dt. 7.5.72 to Charu Majumdar, Suniti Ghosh, (pen-name Soumya), an old associate of CM, expressed grave apprehension about his own ‘liquidation’ as a result of dangerous inner-party feud and urged CM to stop this suicidal game. He also charged the leadership (by implication CM) for causing the annihilation of South Calcutta Regional Committee Secretary (Kamal Sanyal) and RC Member (Agni Roy) after falsely labelling them as ‘police informers’
and alleged that some rumours were being spread that he (Suniti) too was a ‘police spy’.[ Mukherjee, Arun; Maoist “spring thunder”: the Naxalite movement 1967-1972]
Naxalbari Manifesto
Text
The social system that exists in India is semi-feudal and semi-colonial. So the democratic revolution in this country means agrarian revolution. All the problems of India are related to this one task. On this question of agrarian revolution there has been difference of opinion in Marxist circles from the beginning of this century and among Marxists the struggle between the two policies-the one revolutionary and the other counter-revolutionary-continues. The Mensheviks side-tracked the question of State power and searched for a solution in municipalization. Lenin declared a crusade against it and said that it was not possible to solve the problem by side-tracking the question of State power. He showed that however progressive the legislation framed by one might be, the present State structure could not implement it. The condition of the peasant will remain the same. That was why he said that only the democratic State of workers and peasants, led by the working class, could solve this problem. Only the other day even the Soviet Party writer, Yudin, while criticizing Nehru’s Basic Approach, said that Nehru had not till then been able to solve the peasant problem. He challenged Nehru to show, in practice, how this problem could be solved in a peaceful way and added that Nehru would fail to do so. History has proved that, far from solving this problem, Nehru was not able even to bring about an iota of change.
After the twentieth congress of the Soviet party, the door to revisionism was opened wide and, as a result, the Soviet State has been transformed from a Socialist State into a capitalist State. By making the theory of peaceful transition to socialism-adopted at that twentieth congress-their basic guiding principle, the revisionists of our country are shouting loudly that the peasants’ struggle for land is a struggle for realization of economic demands and that it is adventurism to talk of the State machinery. What strange similarity between the words of Dange and Basavapunnia!
What strange cooperation between Biswanath Mukherji and Harekrishna Konar! This is not accidental since its source is one and that is the Menshevik counter-revolutionary ideology. That is why the cunning rulers of the Soviet State have repeatedly declared that it is only by using fertilizers, improved seeds and agricultural implements that India’s food problem can be solved. It is in this manner that they are coming forward to save India’s reactionary ruling clique; they are concealing from the masses the basic and effective way of solving India’s food, unemployment, poverty and other problems. This is because the Soviet State is today collaborating with British-American imperialists and has been turned into a State which exploits the masses of India. With the help of the native bourgeoisie the Soviet Union is also trying to invest capital in our country. In the sphere of trade and commerce with our country it has come to enjoy special facilities. That is why the arguments of the reactionary ruling clique are pouring out from the mouths of its spokesmen in a continuous flow and at an uninterrupted speed. That is why, as a collaborator of Britain and the U. S. A., the Soviet State also is our enemy and it is by taking shelter under their wings that the reactionary Government of India weighs like a corpse upon the shoulders of the masses. But even then Naxalbari has been created and hundreds of Naxalbaris are smouldering. This is because on the soil of India the revolutionary peasantry is heir to the heroic revolutionary peasants of great Telengana. The then Party leadership betrayed the heroic peasant struggle of Telengana and it did so by using the name of great Stalin. Many of those who are occupying the positions of Party leaders today were a party to the act of betrayal on that day! On bent knees, we will have to take lessons from those heroes of Telengana, not only to have strength to carry the red banner of revolt but also to have faith in the international revolutionary authority. What boundless respect they had for the international leadership-the name of Stalin made them place their lives fearlessly at the disposal of the reactionary government of India. In all ages and in all climes this revolutionary loyalty is necessary for organizing revolutions. We must learn from the experience of the heroes of Telengana: we must take the mask off the face of those who oppose Marxism-Leninism by using the name of Stalin. We will have to snatch from their hands the Red Flag dyed with the blood of hundreds of workers and peasants. The traitors have, by touching that Flag with their hands, stained it.
Naxalbari lives and will live. This is because it is based on invincible Marxism-Leninism-Mao Tsetung Thought. We know that as we move forward we shall face many obstacles, many difficulties, many acts of betrayal and there will be many setbacks. But Naxalbari will not die because the bright sunlight of Chairman Mao’s Thought has fallen on it like a blessing. When Naxalbari receives congratulations from the heroes in the rubber plantations of Malaya who have been engaged in struggle for 20 years, when congratulations are sent by Japanese comrades who have been fighting against the revisionist leadership of their own Party, when such congratulations come from the Australian revolutionaries, when the comrades of the armed forces of great China send their greetings, we feel the significance of that immortal call, “Workers of the World, Unite”, we have a feeling of oneness and our conviction becomes more strong and firm that we have our dear relations in all lands. Naxalbari has not died and it will never die.
SOURCE: Liberation, July 1971-January 1972
