KEYWORDS:- Refugee-The war with PakistanPakistan Arya Varta Region > Main Cities: Karachi Lahore Faisalabad Rawalpindi Multan Hyderabad Gujranwala Peshawar Rahim Yar Khan Quetta Muzaffarabad Battagram Kotli Islamabad Bahawalpur Sargodha Sialkot Sukkur Larkana Shekhupura Bhimbar Jhang Sadr Gujrat Mardan Malir Cantonment Kasur Mingora Dera Ghazi Khan Sahiwal Nawabshah Okara Mirpur Khas Chiniot Shahkot Kamoke Saddiqabad Burewala Jacobabad Muzaffargarh Muridke Jhelum Shikarpur Hafizabad Kohat Khanpur Khuzdar Dadu Gojra Mandi Bahauddin Tando Allahyar Daska Kalan Pakpattan Bahawalnagar Bahawalnagar Tando Adam Khairpur Mir's Chishtian Abbottabad Jaranwala Ahmadpur East Vihari Kamalia Kot Addu Khushab Wazirabad Dera Ismail Khan Chakwal Swabi Lodhran-Displaced person-
The 1951 Geneva ConventionConvention A term which denotes an international agreement concluded at an international conference. Often used interchangeably with ‘‘treaty.’’[ 146 states parties to the 1951 Convention or its 1967 ProtocolProtocol A term used to denote an international agreement. A protocol is often used to supplement, clarify, amend, or qualify a treaty and is sometimes of a less formal nature than a treaty. Security Protocol.- IndiaIndia Hind/ hend >hindia. Bharat Varsha (Jambudvipa used in Mahavamsha) is the name of this land mass. The people of this land are Sanatan Dharmin and they always defeated invaders. Indra (10000 yrs) was the oldest deified King of this land. Manu's jurisprudence enlitened this land. Vedas have been the civilizational literature of this land. Guiding principles of this land are : सत्यं वद । धर्मं चर । स्वाध्यायान्मा प्रमदः । The place also been called Hindusthan in Pesia. The word Hendu is mentioned in Avesta. Read more was not a signatory] Relating to the Status of Refugees describes a refugee as any person who, “owing to well-founded fear of being persecuted for reasons of raceRace It is a major subdivision of mankind, regarded as having a common origin, and is made up of individuals who have a relatively constant combination of physical traits that are handed on from parents to children. Ethnicity and race are often thought of as one and the same, but they do not consistently have the same meaning. Ethnicity refers to cultural features while race has biological as well as cultural components., religionReligion ‘The word ( θρησκεία) -Re Legion (Latin)- A group or Collection or a brigade, is a social-cultural construction and substantially doesn’t exist. Catholic religion (संघवाद) is different from the Protestant religion (संघवाद). Dharma is not Religion (धार्मिक संगठन). "Religion" occurs 5 times in 5 verses in the KJV. Hindu Religion means in the indian language is हिंदू धार्मिक संगठन. Deen in Islam., nationality, membership of a particular social group or political opinionOpinion A judge's written explanation of a decision of the court. In an appeal, multiple opinions may be written. The court’s ruling comes from a majority of judges and forms the majority opinion. A dissenting opinion disagrees with the majority because of the reasoning and/or the principles of law on which the decision is based. A concurring opinion agrees with the end result of the court but offers further comment possibly because they disagree with how the court reached its conclusion., is outside the country of his nationality and is unable or, owing to such fear, is unwilling to avail himself of the protection of that country”. The OfficeOffice Αξίωμα > Officer > Office-bearer (1593) > Opus, officium, ex officio (Latin). Box-office (Cash Box). of the United NationsUNO The main bodies of the United Nations are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the UN Secretariat. All were established under the UN Charter when the Organization was founded in 1945. It has 193 members. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) has a mandate to provide international protection to refugees, including promoting the accession to international refugee instruments and other relevant human rightsHuman Rights Legal and moral status of a human being against his competitors. American Convention on Human Rights Convention against Torture European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights UN Convention on the Rights of the Child UN declaration on sexual orientation and gender identity United States Bill of Rights Universal Declaration of Human Rights instruments. No central statute refers directly to refugees in India.
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The war with Pakistan, the influx of refugees and the unprecedented problems faced by India in December 1971 could be remembered. Maintenance of Internal Security Act, 1971 can be used either to detain or confine a Refugee or to expel them from out of India. Indo Pak war which began on December 3, 1971, there was a continuous influx of refugees (running into several millions) from what was then known as East Pakistan and is now free RepublicRepublic Res publica> Δημοκρατίας. Having a head of the state. Pope is the head of the Vatican City state. The people execute their power through an Elected (direct/indirect) President. Political parties sponsored their presidential candidates. Indian president is a constitutional puppet under the ruling Cabinet. In the case of the appointment of Indian judges, presidential power is a vanishing point. of Bangla Desh and that on our eastern borders the situation was anything but normal. Indeed, this unprecedented influx of refugees from the very nature of things could not but give rise to colossal problems affecting inter alia the lawLaw νόμος: Positive command of sovereign or divine. One can be ruled either by a Statute, a Statue, or a Statement. Legislation is the rule-making process by a political or religious organisation. Physics governs natural law. Logical thinking is a sign of a healthy brain function. Dharma is eternal for Sanatanis. Judiciary > Show me the face, and I will show you the law. Some people know how to bend the law rather than break it. Law Practice. Read a scholarly article and order situation and maintenance of security in the State of West BengalWest Bengal Bengal derived its name from Vedic king Vanga (Son of Vali). Banga was part of the Magadha Kingdom of Jarasandha and later Nanda dynasty. After the Garuda Dynasty ( history lost) the region was named Gouda Bhumi. Districts North 24 Parganas South 24 Parganas Bankura Birbhum CoochBihar Dakshin Dinajpur Darjeeling Hooghly Howrah Jalpaiguri Jhargram Kalimpong Kolkata Malda Murshidabad Nadia Paschim Burdwan Purba Burdwan Paschim Medinipur Purba Medinipur Purulia Uttar Dinajpur Alipurduar Govt Site Calcutta High Court KMC. Between November 23 and December 16, 1971, therefore, the entire HomeHome Αρχική > Department in West Bengal including its Special Section which owed its birth to the urgent need of dealing with the detenus and other allied problems, can legitimately be assumed to have been under considerable stress and strain on account of the vexed problem posed by the indiscriminate influx of refugees with unknown antecedents from across our eastern borders.
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- In Louis De Raedt Vs. Union of India, the Supreme Court had ruled that the fundamental rights of the foreigner was confined to Article 21 and did not extend to a foreigner[AIRAIR All India Reporter 1991 SC 1886]
- National Human Rights Commission Vs. State of Arunachal PradeshArunachal Pradesh Anjaw Bichom Changlang Dibang Valley East Kameng East Siang Kamle Keyi Panyor Kra Daadi Kurung Kumey Leparada Lohit Longding Lower Dibang Valley Lower Siang Lower Subansiri Namsai Pakke Kessang Papum Pare Shi Yomi Siang Tawang Tirap Upper Siang Upper Subansiri West Kameng West Siang[AIR 1996 SC 1234]
U.P. Land Acquisition (Rehabilitation of refugees) Act, 1948.
Punjab Refugees (Registration of Land Claims) Act, 1948.
Displaced person’ means a land holder in the territories now comprised in the province of West Punjab or a person of Punjabi extraction who holds land in the Provinces of North-Western Frontier Province, Sind or Baluchistan or any state adjacent to any of the aforesaid Provinces and acceding to the Dominion of Pakistan and who has since the 1st day of March, 1947, abandoned or been made to abandon his land in the said territories on account of civil disturbances, or the fear of such disturbances, or the partition of the country. section 2 (d) of the East Punjab refugees (Registration of Land Claims) Act, 1948 (East Punjab Act No. XII of 1948) states;
‘Refugee’ means a landholder in the territories now comprised in the Province of West Punjab, or who or whose ancestor migrated as a colonist from the Punjab since 1901 to the Provinces of North-West Frontier Province, Sind or Baluchistan or to any State adjacent to any of the aforesaid Provinces and acceding to the Dominion of Pakistan and who has since the 1st day of March, 1947, abandoned or been made to abandon his land in the said territories on account of civil disturbances, or the fear of such disturbances, or the partition of the country;”