Pakistan

ELIMINATION OF FALSE EVIDENCE FROM THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN: Pakistan Law Commission Report 1983

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ELIMINATION OF FALSE EVIDENCE FROM THE JUDICIAL SYSTEM IN PAKISTAN

PART-1 GENERAL

As desired by the President in a meeting presided over by him on the 26th of January, 1983, the Pakistan Law Commission has examined, in detail, the question of eradication of the elements of false evidence and perjury from the judicial system in the country in order to suggest to the Federal Government the ways and means to achieve this object.

2. Since the creation of mankind, in every society, large or small, rich or poor, advanced or backward, there have always been disputes among the individuals requiring determination and decision by a third person after weighing and examining the claims of the contesting parties. This exercise on the part of the third person is legitimately considered to be the most elementary stage of administration of justice.

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The Structure of ISI

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1. Joint Intelligence X (JIX)

It serves as the secretariat which co-ordinates and provides administrative support to the other ISI wings and field organizations. It also prepares intelligence estimates and threat assessments. It provides administrative support to the other major divisions and regional organizations of the ISI.

2. Joint Intelligence Bureau (JIB)

One of the largest and most powerful divisions of the ISI, monitors political intelligence. The JIB consists of three subsections, with one subsection devoted to operations involving India, other operations involve, anti-terrorism and VIP security.

3. Joint Counter Intelligence Bureau (JCIB)

Responsible for oversees intelligence operations in Central Asia South Asia, Afghanistan, the Middle East, Israel and Russia also responsible for field surveillance of Pakistani diplomats stationed abroad, if need be monitoring foreign diplomats as well .

4. Joint Intelligence/North (JIN)

Conduct ISI operations for Jammu and Kashmir , including monitoring Indian forces deployed within disputed Kashmir forcefully held by India.

5. Joint Intelligence Miscellaneous (JIM)

Responsible for covert offensive intelligence operations and war time espionage.

6. Joint Signal Intelligence Bureau (JSIB)

It includes Deputy Directors for Wireless, Monitoring and Photos, operates a chain of signals intelligence collection stations, and provide communication support to its operatives. It also collects Intelligence through monitoring of communications channels of neighboring countries. It has a chain of stations that track and collect intelligence signals along the Indo-Pakistani border and in Kashmir.

A sizeable number of the staff is from the Army Signal Corps. It is believed that it has its units deployed in Islamabad, Quetta, Karachi, Lahore and Peshawar.

7. Joint Intelligence Technical Division (JIT)

Not much is know about this section however it is believed that JTI/JIT include a separate explosives section and a chemical warfare section.

The ISI maintains one more primary sections in addition to the seven outlined above that is the Joint division of technical Intelligence.

 

National Identity Card of Pakistan: www.nadra.gov.pk

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The National Database and Registration Authority founded on 10 March 2000, is an independent and autonomous agency that regulates government databases and statistically manages the sensitive registration database of all the national citizens of Pakistan. National Database and Registration Authority (NADRA) was established as National Database Organization (NDO), an attached department under the Ministry of Interior, Government of Pakistan in 1998.

National Identity Card (NIC) is issued to the citizens of Pakistan. The unique 13 digit identification number is recognized all over the country. It is the first requirement of individuals as it is mandatory to obtain documents like license, NTN, bank account, passport, cellular connection etc. Every citizen of Pakistan, 18 years and above, is eligible for NIC.

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The Anti Terrorism Act (ATA) 1997

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The Anti Terrorism Act (ATA), 1997

Edition: 2019

1. Short title, extent, application and commencement.

2. Definitions.

3. Declaration of Intent.
4. Calling in of armed forces and civil armed forces to prevent terrorism of civil powers.
5. Use of armed forces and civil armed forces to prevent terrorism.
6. Terrorism.
7. Punishment for acts of terrorism

8. Prohibition of acts intended or likely to stir up sectarian hatred.

9. Punishment for offence under section 8.
10. Power to enter or search.
11. Power to order forfeiture.
11 A. Organizations concerned in terrorism.
11 B. Prescriptions.
11 C. Right of Review.
11 D. Observation order.
11 E. Measured to be taken against a prescribed organization.
11 F. Membership, support and meetings relating to a Prescribed Organization.
11 G. Uniform.
11 H. Fund raising.
11 I. Use and possession.
11 J. Funding Arrangements.
11 K. Money-laundering.
11 L. Disclosure of Information.
11 M. Cooperation with the Police.
11 N. Punishment under Sections 11-H to 11-K.
11 O. Seizure and detention.
11 P. Application by authorized officer to Court.
11 Q. Forfeiture.
11 R. Authorized officer may apply to Court for forfeiture.
11 S. Appeal against forfeiture order under Section 11-R.
11 T. Deposit of Cash in a fund.
11 U. Deproscription.
11 V. Directing terrorist activities.
11 W. Printing, publishing, or disseminating any material to incite hatred or giving Projection to any person convicted for a terrorist act or any prescribed Organization or placed under observation or anyone concerned in terrorism.
11X. Responsibility for creating civil commotion.
12. Jurisdiction of (Anti-Terrorism Court).
13. Establishment of (Anti-Terrorism Court).

14. Composition and appointment of presiding officers of (Anti-Terrorism Court).
15. Place of sitting.

16. Oath by (Anti-Terrorism Court).

17. Powers of (Anti-Terrorism Court). With respect to other offences.
18. Public Prosecutors.
19. Procedure and powers of Anti-Terrorism Court.
20. Punishment Paragraph Omitted.
21. Protection of Judges, Counsel, Public Prosecutor, witnesses and persons concerned with
Court proceedings.
21 A. Cordons for Terrorist Investigation.
21 B. Terrorist Investigation.
21 C. Training.
21 D. Bail.
21 E. Remand.
21 F. Remissions.
21 G. Trail of offences.
21 H. Conditional admissibility of confession.
21 I. Aid and abetment.
21 J. Harbouring.
21 K. Offences triable by way of summary procedure.
21 L. Punishment for an absconder.
21 M. Joint Trial.
22. Manner and place of execution of sentence.
23. Power to transfer cases to regular Courts.
24. appellate Tribunal.
25. Appeal.
26. Omitted
27. Punishment for defective investigation.

28. Transfer of Cases.
29. Trial before (Anti-Terrorism Court) to have precedence.
30. Modified application of certain provisions of the Code.
31. Finality of Judgment.
32. Overriding effect of Act.
33. Delegation.
34. Power to amend the Schedule.
35. Power to make rules.
36. Savings.
37. Contempt of Court.
38. Punishment for terrorist act committed before this Act
39. Indemnity.
39 A. Removal of difficulties.
39 B. Repeal and Savings.
40. Amendment of the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1908 (XIV of 1908). First Schedule
Second Schedule Third Schedule

THE ANTI-TERRORISM ACT, 1997[1]

ACT NO. XXVII OF 1997

[20th August, 1997]

No. F. 9(39)/97-Legis, dated 20th August. 1997. “The following Act of Majlis-e-Shoora (Parliament ) received the assent of the President on the 16th August, 1997, is hereby published for general information:

An Act to provide for the prevention of terrorism, sectarian violence and for speedy trial of heinous offences.

Whereas it is expedient to provide for the prevention of terrorism, sectarian violence and for speedy trial of heinous offences and for matters connected therewith and incidental thereto:

It is hereby enacted as follows:

1. Short title and commencement.

1) This Act may be called the Anti-terrorism Act, 1997.
2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan.
3) It shall come into force at once. [Punjab Province]

Punjab Province

For the purposes of the prevention and punishment of the commission of terrorist acts

and scheduled offences to have resort to the provisions of the said Act for the whole
of the Province of Punjab S.R.O. 662(1)/97, dated 21.8.1997[2]

2. Definitions. In this Act, unless there is anything repugnant in the subject or
context;
a) “armed forces” means the Military, Naval and Air Forces of Pakistan and the Reserves of such Forces;
b) “civil armed forces” means Frontier Constabulary, Frontier Corps, Pakistan Coast Guards, Pakistan Rangers or any other civil armed force notified by the Federal Government as such;
c) “Code” means the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (Act V of 1898 );
d) “Child” means a person who at the time of the commission of the offence has not attained the age of eighteen years;
e) “court” means an Anti-terrorism Court established under section 13:
f) “explosives” means any bomb, grenade, dynamite, or explosive, substance capable of causing any injury to any person or damage to any property an includes any explosive substance as defined in the Explosives Act, 1884(IV of 1884);
g) “fire-arms ” means any or all types and gauges of handguns, rifles and shotguns, wether automatic, semi-automatic or bolt action, and shall include all other fire-arms as defined in Arms Ordinance 1965 (W.P. Ordinance XX of 1965);

h) “fine” means a pecuniary amount to be determined by the Court having regard to the facts and circumstances of the cases;
i) “Government” means the Federal Government or , as the case may be , the Provincial Government;
j) “grievous”, in relation to bodily injury means emasculation, mutilation, incapacitation disfigurement or serve harm or hurt: and in relation to property, means severe loss, damage or destruction;
k) “High Court” means the High Court having territorial jurisdiction has been established;
l) “hijacking” means any unlawful seizure or exercise of control, or any attempt at unlawful seizure or exercise of control, of an aircraft, by force, violence, threat or any form of abstruction, directly or through any other person, from within or outside the aircraft;
m) “hostage-taking” means the holding of a person captive with threats made to kill or harm that person if demands are not met.
n) “kidnapping for ransom” mean the action of conveying any person from any place, without his consent, or by force compelling or by any deceitful means inducing him, to go from any place, and unlawfully detaining him any demanding or attempting to demand, money, pecuniary or other benefit from him or from another person, as a condition of his release;
o) “meeting” means a meeting of two or more persons, whether in public or private;
p) “organization” means any group, combination or body of persons acting under a distinctive name;
q) “prescribed organization” means any organization using a name which is listed in the First Schedule under Section 11B;

r) “public servant” shall have the same meaning as in Section 21of the Pakistan Penal Code 1860. or law for the time being in force;
s) “Schedule” means a Schedule to this Act;
t) “Schedule offence” means an offence as set out in the Third Schedule;
u) “sectarian” means pertaining to devoted to, peculiar to, or one which promotes interest of a religious sect or sects, in a bigoted or prejudicial manner;
v) “sectarian hatred” means hatred against a group of persons defined by reference to religion, religious sec, religious persuasion, or religious belief;
w) “serious” means dangerous to life or property;
x) “terrorism” or “act of terrorism ” act has the meaning as assigned to it in Section 6;
y) “terrorist” has the meaning as assigned to it in Section 6(5).

z) “Terrorist investigation” means an investigation of

a. the commission, preparation or investigation of acts or terrorism under this Act;

b. an act which appears to have been done for the purposes of terrorism;
c. the resources of a prescribed organization;
d. the commission, preparation or instigation of an offence under the Act; or
e. any other act for which investigation may be necessary for the purposes of this Act.

aa) “terrorist property” means”

i. (a)Money or other property which is used or is likely to be used for the purposes of terrorism (including any resources of a prescribed organization).
(b) Proceeds the commission of acts of terrorism.
(c) Proceeds of acts carried out for the purposes of terrorism; and

ii. In subsection (i) above

(a) a reference to proceeds of an act, includes reference to any property which wholly or partly, and directly or indirectly, represents the proceeds of the act (including payments of other rewards in connection with the commission);

(b) The reference to an organization’s resources includes a reference to any money or other property which is applied or made available, or is to be applied or mad available, for use by the organization and includes assets of any kind, whether tangible or intangible, movable or immovable, and legal documents or instruments in any form, wether written, electronic or digital and shares, securities, bonds, drafts and letters of credit; and

(c) a reference to money includes a reference to any cash which means any coins, notes in any currency, postal orders, money orders, and such other kinds of monetary instruments as the Federal Government may by order specify;

bb. “weapon” means any item which can be used to injure or cause bodily harm, and includes any type of fire-arm, explosive, sword, dagger, knuckle-duster, stengun, bomb, grenade, rocket launcher, mortar or any chemical, biological thing which can be used for causing injury, hurt, harm or destruction of person or property, and includes“ illicit arms” as defined in the Surrender Illicit Arms Act. 1991 (XXI of 1991); and

cc. all other terms and expressions used bit not defined in this Act, shall have the meanings as are assigned to them in the Pakistan Penal Code, 1860, or the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898. Subs. By Ordinance XXXIX of 2001[3]

3. Declaration of Intent.- Omitted by Ordi. XXXIX of 2001.

4. Calling in of armed forces and civil armed forces in aid of civil powers.-

1) It shall be lawful for the Federal Government to order, and subject to sub-section
(2) for the Provincial Government to secure, the presence of armed forces and civil armed forces in any area for the prevention and punishment of terrorist acts and scheduled offences in accordance with the provisions of this Act.

2) If, in the opinion of the Provincial Government, the presence of armed forces, or civil armed forces, is necessary in order to prevent the commission of terrorist acts or scheduled offences in any area, it may request the Federal Government to direct the presence or posting of units or personnel of the armed forces, or civil armed forces, in such numbers as may be deemed necessary for the prevention or control of terrorist acts or scheduled offences.

3) The Federal Government may decide whether the requirements of the situation call for the deployment of

i. The civil armed forces; or

ii. The armed forces,

And so deciding shall, by means of a notification in the official Gazette issued under clause (i) or (ii) authorize and direct the posting there of.

5. Use of armed forces and civil armed forces to prevent terrorism.

1) Any police officer, or member of the armed forces, or civil armed forces who is present or deployed in any area may, after giving sufficient warning, use the necessary force to prevent the commission of terrorist acts or scheduled offences, and in so doing shall, in the case of an officer of the armed forces or civil armed forces, exercise all the powers of a police officer under the Code.

2) In particular and without prejudice to generality of the provisions of sub-section(1) , an officer of the police, armed forces and civil armed forces may:–

i. After giving prior warning use such force as may be deemed necessary or appropriate bearing in mind all the facts and circumstances of the situation, against and person who is committing[4] [] a terrorist act or a scheduled offence, and it shall be lawful for an such officer, or any superior officer, to fire, or order the firing upon any person or persons against whom he is authorized to use force in terms hereof:

ii. Arrest, without warrant, any person who has committed an act of terrorism or a scheduled offence or against whom a reasonable suspicion exist that he has committed, or is about to commit, any such act or offence; and

iii. Enter and search, without warrant any premises to make any arrest or to take possession of any property, fire-arm, weapon or article used, or likely to be used, offence.

3) Nothing contained in sub-section (1) or (2) shall affect the provisions of Chapter IX of the Code and the provisions of section 132 of the Code shall apply to any person action under this section.

6. Terrorism.-

1) In this Act. “terrorism” means the use or threat of action where:

(a) The action falls with the meaning of sub-section (2). And

(b) The use or threat is designed to coerce and intimidate or overawe the Government or the public or a section of the public or community or sect or

create a sense of fear or insecurity in society; or

(c) The use or threat is made for the purpose of advancing a religious, sectarian or ethnic cause.

2) An “action” shall fall within the meaning of sub-section(1), if it:

(a) Involves the doing or anything that causes death;
(b) Involves grievous violence against a person or grievous body injury or harm to person;
(c) Involves grievous damage to property:
(d) Involves the doing of anything that is likely to cause death or endangers a person’s life;
(e) Involves kidnapping for ransom, hostage-taking or hijacking;

(f) Incites hatred and contempt on religious, sectarian or ethnic basis to stir up violence or cause internal disturbance;

(g) Involve stoning, brick-batting or any other from of mischief to spread panic:

(h) Involves firing on religious congregations, mosques, imambargahs, churches, temples and all other places of worship, or random firing

(i) to spread panic, or involves any forcible takeover o mosques or other
places of worship;

(j) Creates a serious risk to safety of public
Or a section of the public, or is designed to frighten the general public and
thereby prevent them from coming out and carry8ing on their lawful trade
and daily business, and disrupts civil (civic) life;
Involves the burning of vehicles or an other serious form of arson;

(k) Involves extortion of money (bhatta) or property;

(l) Is designed to seriously interfere with or seriously disrupt a communications system or public utility service;

(m) Involves serious coercion or intimidation of a public servant in order to force him to discharge or to refrain from discharging his lawful duties; or
(n) Involves serious violence against a member of the police force, armed forces, civil armed forces, or a public servant.

3) The use or threat or use of any action falling within sub-section (2) which involves the use of fire-arms, explosives or any other weapon, is terrorism, whether or not subsection 1 (c) is satisfied.

4) In this section “action” includes and act or a series of acts.
5) In this Act, terrorism includes any act done for the benefit of a prescribed organization.

6) A person who commits an offence under this section or any other provision of this Act, shall be guilty of an act of terrorism.

7) In this Act, a “terrorist ” means:

(a) A person who has committed an offence or terrorism under this Act, and is or has been concerned in the commission, preparation or instigation of acts of terrorism;

(b) A person who is or has been, whether before or after the coming into force of this Act, concerned in the commission, preparation or instigation of acts of terrorism, shall also be included in the meaning given in Clause (a) above.

7. [[5]Punishment for acts of terrorism.- whoever commits an act of terrorism under Section 6, whereby

(a) death of any person is caused, shall be punishable, on conviction, with death or with imprisonment for life, and with fine; or
(b) he does anything like to cause death or endangers life, but death or hurt is not caused, shall be punishable, on conviction, with imprisonment for description for a term which shall be not less than five years but may extend to fourteen years and with fine:
(c) grievous bodily harm or injury is caused to any person, shall be punishable, on conviction, with imprisonment of either but may extend to imprisonment for life and shall also be liable to a fine; or
(d) grievous damage to property is caused, shall be punishable on conviction, with imprisonment, of either description for a term not less than ten years and not exceeding fourteen years, and shall also be liable to a fine: or

(e) the offence of kidnapping for ransom or hostage-taking has been committed, shall be punishable, on conviction, with death or imprisonment for life and shall be liable to forfeiture of property; or
(f) the offence of hijacking, has been committed, shall be punishable, on conviction, with death or imprisonment for life, and shall also be liable to forfeiture of property and fine;
(g) the act of terrorism committed falls under Section 6(2) (f) and (g), shall be punishable, on conviction, with imprisonment of not less than six months and not more than three years and with fine; or
(h) the act of terrorism committed falls under clauses (h) to (n) of sub-section (2) of Section 6, shall be punishable, on conviction, to imprisonment of not less than one year and not more than ten years and with fine; and
(i) any other act of terrorism not falling under Clauses (a) to (h) above or under any other provision of this Act, shall be punishable, and not less than six months and not more than five years or with fine or with both]

8. prohibition of acts intended or likely to stir up sectarian hatred.- A person who:-

(a) uses threatening, abusive or insulting words or behavior; or

(b) displays, publishes or distributes any written material which is threatening, abusive or insulting: or words or behavior; or
(c) distributes or shows or plays a recording or visual images or sounds which are threatening, abusive or insulting: or
(d) has in his possession written material or a recording or visual images or sounds
which are threatening, abusive or insulting with a view to their being displayed or published by himself or another,
Shall be guilty of an offence if:–
i. he intends thereby to stir up sectarian hatred; or
ii. having regard to all the circumstances, sectarian hatred is likely to be stirred up thereby.

9. Punishment for offence under section 8.- Whoever contravenes contravenes any provision of section 8 shall be punished with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to seven years, or with fine, or with both.

10. Power to enter or search.– If any officer of the police, armed forces or civil armed forces is satisfied that there are reasonable grounds for suspecting that a person has possession of written material or a recording in contravention of section 8 he may enter and search the premises where it is suspected the material or recording is situated and take possession of the same; [6][ Provided that the concerned, officer first record in writing his reasons and serve a copy thereof either on the person or on the premises.]

11. Power to order forfeiture.-

(1) [7](An Anti-Terrorism Court) by which a person is convicted of an offence under section9 shall order to be forfeited any material or recording referred to therein.

(2) Where the person who collected the material or recording cannot be found or identified the Special Court on the application of the official seizing the material or recording shall foreit the material or recording to the State to be disposed of as directed by it.

[8][11-A. Organizations concerned in terrorism.—For the purposes of this Act, an organization is concerned in terrorism if it-

a. Commits or participates in acts of terrorism;

b. Prepares for terrorism;
c. Promotes of encourages terrorism;
d. Supports and assists any organization concerned with terrorism;
e. Patronize and assists in the incitement of hatred and contempt on religious, sectarian or ethnic lines that stir up disorder;
f. Fails to expel from its ranks or ostracize those who commit acts of terrorism and present them as heroic persons:- or

g. Is otherwise concerned in terrorism.

11-B. Prescription:

(1) For the purposes of this Act, an organization is prescribed if-
a. The Federal Government, having reason to believe that an organization is concerned in terrorism, by order, lists it in the First Schedule;
b. It operates under the name as an organization listed in the First Schedule or it operates under a different name; or
c. The First Schedule is amended by the Federal Government in any way to enforce prescription;

(2) The Federal Government may be order, add or remove an organization from the first Schedule or amend it in any other way.

11-C. Right of Review.

(1) Where any prescribed organization is aggrieved by the order of the f Federal Government made under Section 11-B, it may, within thirty days of such order, file a review applications in writing, before the Federal Government shall after hearing the applicant, decide the matter within ninety days;

(2) An organization whose review application has been refused under sub-section (1) may file an appeal on the High Court within thirty days of the refusal of the review application.

(3) The Federal Government shall appoint a Prescribed Organizations Review Committee to determine all review applications under sub-section.(1)

11-D. Observation Order. Where the Federal Government, has reason to believe that an organization is acting in a manner that it may be concerned in terrorism:

1. The organization may be kept under observation, if
a. The name of the organization is listed in the Second Schedule by order of the Federal Government ; or
b. It operates under the same name as an organization listed in the second Schedule.
2. An organization or a person aggrieved by the observation order passed under subsection
(1) may file a review application before the Federal Government, which shall, after hearing the applicant, decide the matter within sixty days.
3. Where the organization is under observation, the Federal Government may further extend the period of observation, only after giving the organization an opportunity of f being heard.
4. Each observation period shall be for six m0onths, and may be extended by the Federal Government only after giving an opportunity of being heard to the organization concerned.

11-E. Measures to be taken against a prescribed organization.– Where any organization shall be prescribed .

(1) Amongst other measures to be taken by the Federal Government-

a. It offices, if any, shall be sealed;
b. Its accounts, if any shall be frozen;

c. All literature, posters, banners or printed, electronic, digital or other material shall be seized; and
d. Publication , printing or dissemination of any press statements, press conferences

or public utterances b or on behalf of or in support of a prescribed organization shall be prohibited.

(2) The Prescribed Organization shall submit all accounts of its Income and expenditure for its political and social welfare activities and disclose all funding sources to the competent authority designated by the Federal Government.

11-F. Membership, support and meetings relating to a Prescribed Organization.

1 A person is guilty of an offence if he belongs or professes to belong to a prescribed organization.
2. A person is guilty of an offence under sub-section (1) shall be liable of conviction to a term not exceeding six months imprisonment and a fine.
3. A person commits an offence if he,
a. Solicits or invites support for a prescribed organization, and the support is not, restricted to, the provision of money of other property; or
b. Arranges, manages or assists in managing, or addressing a meeting which he know is—
i. To support a prescribed organization;
ii. To further the activities of a prescribed organization; or
iii. To be addressed by a person who belongs or professes to belong to a prescribed
organization.
4. A person commit an offence if he addresses a meeting, or delivers a sermon to a religious gathering, by any means whether verbal, written, electronic, digital or otherwise, and the purpose of his address or sermon, is to encourage support for a prescribed organization or to further its activates.

5. A person commits an offence if he solicits, collects, or raises funds for a prescribed organization.
6. A person guilty of an offence under sub-sections (3), (4) and (5) shall be liable on conviction to a term of imprisonment not less than one year and not more than five and a fine.

11-G. Uniform.

1) A person commits an offence if he-
(a) Wears carries or displays any article, symbol, or any flag or banner connected with or associated with any prescribed organization; or
(b) Carries, wears or displays any uniform, item of clothing or dress in such away or in such circumstances as to arouse reasonable suspicion that he is a member or
supporter of a prescribed organization.
2) A person who commit an offence under sub-section (1) shall be liable by
way of summary procedure to simple imprisonment for a term not more exceeding three months or to a fine or to both

11-H. Fund raising.

1) A person commits an offence if he—

(a) Invites another to provide money or other property, and

(b) Intends that it should be used, or has reasonable cause to suspect that it may be used, for the purpose of terrorism.

2) A person commits an offence if

(a) He received money or other property, and
(b) Intends that it should be used, or has reasonable cause to suspect that it may be used, for the purposes of terrorism.

3) A person commits an offence if he,

(a) Provides money or the property, and
(b) Knows or has reasonable cause to suspect that it will or may be used for the purposes of terrorism.

4) In this section a reference to the provision of money or other property is a reference to its being given, lent or otherwise made available, whether or not for consideration.

11-I. Use and possession.

1) He uses money or other property for the purposes of terrorism; or
2) He-
(a) Possesses money or other property; and
(b) Intends that it should be used, or has reasonable cause to suspect that it may be used, for the purposes of terrorism.

11-J. Funding Arrangements.

1) A person commits an offence if he
(a) Enters into or becomes concerned in an arrangement as a result of which money or other property is made available or is to be made available to another, and
(b) Has reasonable cause to suspect that it will be used for the purposes of terrorism.

11-K. Money-laundering.

1) A Person commits an offence if he enters into or becomes concerned in any arrangement which facilitates the retention or control, by or on behalf of another person, of terrorist property.
(a) By concealment,
(b) By removal from the jurisdiction.
(c) By transfer of nominees, or
(d) In any other way.

2) It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under sub- section (1) to prove that he did not know and had no reasonable cause to suspect that the arrangement related to terrorist property.

11-L. Disclosure of Information.

(1) Where a person-

(a) Believes or suspects that another person has committed an offence under this Act; and
(b) Bases his belief or suspicion on information which comes to his

2) It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under sub-section (1) of this section to prove that he had a reasonable excuse for not making the disclosure:
Provided that this sub-section does not require disclosure, by a professional legal advisor of any information which he obtains in privileged circumstances.
3) A person may disclose to a police officer
i) A suspicion or belief that any money or other property is terrorist property or is derived from terrorist property: or
ii) Any matter on which the suspicion is based.

4) Sub-section (3) shall have effect notwithstanding any restriction on the disclosure of information imposed by any law for the time being in force:

11-M. Cooperation with Police.

1) A person does not commit an offence under Section 11-K, if he is acting with the express consent of a police officer not below the rank of a Deputy Superintendent; and

2) Subject to sub-sections (3) and (4) under this section, a person does not commit an

offence under Sections 11-H to 11-K by involvement in a transaction or arrangement relating to money or the property if he discloses to a police officer-
(a) His suspicion or belief that the money or other property is terrorist property, and
(b) The information on which his suspicion or belief is based.

3) Sub-section (2) under this section applies only where a person makes a disclosure.

(a) After he becomes concerned in the transaction concerned;
(b) On his own initiative; and
(c) As soon as is reasonably practicable.

4) Sub-section (2) under this section does not apply to a person if

(a) A police officer forbids his to continue his involvement in the transaction or arrangement to which the disclosure relates, and
(b) He continues his involvement.

5) It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under Section 11-H to 11-J

to prove that-
(a) He intends to make a disclosure, and
(b) There is reasonable excuse for his failure to do so.

11-N. Punishment under Sections 11-H to 11-K. Any person who commits an offence under Sections 11-H to 11-K shall be punishable on conviction with imprisonment for a term no less than six months and not exceeding five years and with fine.

11-O. Seizure and detention. An officer authorized by the Provincial Government in this behalf, hereinafter referred to as the “authorized officer” may seize and detain any cash recovered, if he has reasonable grounds for suspecting that-

(a) It is intended to be used for the purposes of terrorism,
(b) It forms the whole or part of the resources of a prescribed organization, and includes any cash which is applied or made available, or is to be applied or made available, for use by organization whether being imported into, or exported from, Pakistan; or
(c) It is terrorist property within the meaning given in Section 2(aa):
Provided that any cash seized under this section shall be released not later than the end of the period of 48 hours beginning with the time when it is seized, unless an application has been made to the Court under Section 11-P and an order has been obtained for its detention for a further specified period.

11-P. Application by authorized officer to a Court.

1) An authorized officer may apply to a Court for an order under this section in relation to any cash seized under Section 11-O.

2) An order under this section-

(a) Shall authorize, the further detention, under Section 11-O of the case to which it relates for a period specified in the order, if the continued detention of the cash is justified pending completion of an investigation of its origin or derivation;

(b) Shall specify a period which ends not later than the period of three months beginning with the date of the order; and
(c) Shall require notice to be given to the person from whom the cash was seized and to any other person who is affected by and specified in the order.

3) Any cash detained under Section 11O. if detained for a further specified period under this section shall be held in profit and loss account and the profit and the profit and loss so earned shall be added to it on its released or forfeiture.

11-Q. Forfeiture.

1) The Court by or before which a person is convicted of an offence under any of the Sections 11-H to 11-M may make a forfeiture order in accordance with the provisions of this section.

2) Where a person is convicted of an offence under Section 11-1-1(1) or (2) or Section 11-1, the Court may order the forfeiture of any money or other property-

(a) Which, at the time of the offence, he had in his possession or under his control; and
(b) Which, at that time , he intended should be used, or had reasonable cause to suspect might be used, for the purposes of terrorism.

3) Where a person has been convicted under Section 11-H (3), the Court may order the forfeiture of any money or other property-

(a) Which at the time , he knew or had reasonable cause to suspect would or might be used for the purposes of terrorism.
(b) Which, at the time, he knew or had reasonable cause to suspect would or might be used for the purposes of terrorism.

4) Where a person is convicted of an offence under Section 11-J, the Court may order the forfeiture of the money of other property-

(a) To which the arrangement in question related; and
(b) Which, at the time of the offence, he knew or ha reasonable cause to suspect would or might be used for the purposes of terrorism.

5) Where a person is convicted of an offence under Section 11-K, the Court may order the forfeiture of the money or other property to which the arrangement in question related.

6) Where a person is convicted of and offence under any of the Sections 11-H to 11-K the Court may order forfeiture of any money or other property which wholly or partly, and directly or indirectly, is received by any person as a payment of other reward in connection with the commission of the offence.

11-R. Authorized officer may apply to Court for forfeiture.

1) Any authorized officer may apply to the Court for an order forfeiting the cash being detained under Sections 11-P and 11 Q.

2) The Court may grant an application only if satisfied on the balance of probabilities that the cash is cash of a kind as defined in section 11-Q, and before so doing must give an opportunity to be heard to any person-

(a) Who is not a party to the proceedings, and
(b) Who claims to be the owner of or otherwise interested in any of the cash which can be forfeited under this section.

3) An order may be made under this section, whether or not proceedings are brought against any person for an offence with which the cash is connected.

11-S. Appeal against forfeiture order under Section 11-R.

1) Any party to the proceedings in which a forfeiture order is made under Section 11-R, may appeal to the High Court against such an order.
2) An appeal must be brought before the end of the period of thirty days beginning with the dated on which the forfeiture order was made.

11-T. Deposit of Cash in a fund.

1) Any cash to which a forfeiture order under Sections 11-R and 11-S applies, alongwith the profit and loss accrued, shall be deposited into a special fund to be notified by the Federal Government.
(a) After the expiry of the limitation period within which an appeal against the forfeiture order may be brought under Section 11-S (2), or

(b) Where an appeal brought under Section 11-S has been determined and disposed of.

2) Any fund constituted by the Federal Government under sub-section (1) may also be used to compensate victims of acts of terrorism or in the case of deceased victims of acts of terrorism or in the case of deceased victims, their dependents.

11-U. Deproscription.

1) After three years of the disposal of the appeal, if any, or where no appeal was filed, from the date of the order of proscription, or from the dated of any refusal of an applications of deproscription, the prescribed organization may apply in writing to the Federal Government for the exercise of its power under Section 11-B (d) to remove the organization from the First Schedule, where the prescribed organization feels that it can prove to the satisfaction of the Federal Government that the reasons for its proscription have creased to exist.

2) The Federal Government shall decide such application within a period of ninety days, after providing a reasonable opportunity of hearing to the applicant.

11-V. Directing terrorist activities.

1) A person commits an offence if he—
(a) Directs, at any level, whilst resident in Pakistan or abroad, activities of an organization concerned with the preparation, instigation or commission of acts of terrorism; or
(b) Directs, from within the country or abroad connected with the commission, preparation or instigation of an act of terrorism.
2) A person guilty of an offence under sub-section (1) shall be liable on conviction

to imprisonment for a maximum term of seven years and to forfeiture or confiscation of his assets within or outside Pakistan.

11-W. Printing, publishing, or disseminating any material to incite hatred or giving projection to any person convicted for a terrorist act or any prescribed organization or an organization placed under observation or anyone concerned in terrorism.

1) A person commits an offence if he prints, publishes or disseminates any material, whether by audio or video-cassettes or by written, photographic, electronic, digital, wall-chalking or any method which incites religious, sectarian or ethnic hatred or gives projection to any person convicted for a terrorist act, or any person or organization concerned in terrorism or any person organization or an organization placed under observation:
Provided that a factual news report, made in good faith, shall not be construed to mean ”projection” for the purposes of this section.

2) Any person guilty of an offence under sub-section (1) shall be liable by way of summary procedure, on conviction, to a maximum term of six months imprisonment and a fine.

11-X. Responsibility for creating civil commotion.

1) A person commits an offence if he makes any call for action or shut-down, imposed through the sue of threats or force resulting in damage or destruction of property or injury to person, to intimidate citizens and prevent them from carrying our their lawful trade or business activity.

2) A person guilty of an offence under sub-section (1) shall on conviction be punishable with imprisonment for a term not less than six months and not more than five years and shall pay compensation as may be determined by the Court, from the funds of the organization to which he belongs or f from his own personal resources or assets for the hurt or damage or destruction caused as result of the commission of the offence under sub-section (1).

3) A person commits an offence if he addresses a meeting or gathering or delivers a sermon to religious gathering by any means whether verbal, written, electronic, digital or otherwise to incite religious, sectarian or ethnic hatred and contempt, and shall, on conviction, be punishable with imprisonment not less than six months and not more than three year s of fine or with both.

12. Jurisdiction of [9](Anti-Terrorism Court)-

1) Not with standing anything contained in the Code or in any other law, a scheduled offence committed in an area in a Province shall be triable only by the Special Court exercising territorial jurisdiction in relation to such area.

2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), if, in respect of a case involving a scheduled offence committed in any area, the Government having regard to the facts and circumstances of the case, it satisfied that in order to ensure a fair trial, or for the protection and safety of witnesses, that such offence should be tried by

[10](Anti-Terrorism Court) established in the relation to any other area, the Government may make a declaration to that effect.

Explanation. Where a Special Court is established in relation to two or more areas, such Special Court shall be deemed, for the purpose of this sub-section, to have d been established in relation to each of such areas.

3) Where a declaration is made in respect of an offence committed in an area in a Province, any prosecution in respect of such offence shall be instituted only in the Special Court established in relation to such area, and, if any prosecution in respect of such offence is pending immediately before such declaration in any other Court, the same shall stand transferred to such Special Court and such [11](Anti-Terrorism Court) shall proceed with such case from the stage at which it was pending at that time without the necessity of recalling any witnesses.

[12][13. Establishment of (Anti-Terrorism Court)]-

1) For the purpose of providing for the speedy trial of the cases referred to in subsection (2) and subsection (3) of section 39-A, and of scheduled offences, the Federal Government, or if so directed by the Government, the Provincial Government may
establish by notification one or more Anti-terrorism Courts in relation to [each territorial area as specified by the High Court][13]

2) Where more Anti-Terrorism Courts than one have been established in any area, the Government in consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court shall [keeping in view the seniority and status of the member of various Court in that area, designated a member of any such Court to be an administrative member][14] and all cases of friable under this Act. Pertaining to the said area shall be filed before the [administrative Member and such Administrative member may either assign the case for trial to the Court of which he is a Member] [15] or , assign any case, or cases for trial to any other Anti-Terrorism Court at any time prior to the framing of the charge. The cases shall be assigned to a case at a time:

Provided that in order to ensure that the time of the Court is not wasted if for some reason a given case cannot proceed more than one case can be assigned to it at any time or from time to time.

3) In respect of a case assigned to a Court under subsection (2), all orders made or proceeding taken before the assignment shall be deemed to have been made or taken by the Court to which the case has been assigned

4) [16][Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (2) and sub-section (3), the Federal Government or if so directed by the Government, the Provincial Government shall in addition to the existing [Anti-Terrorism Court][17] or such other [Anti-Terrorism

Courts][18] as may be established in area, establish one such additional [Anti-Terrorism Court][19] under this Act at the Principal seat of the [each High Court][20] and appoint a Judge of such High Court as a Judge of [Anti-Terrorism Court][21] in consultation with the Chief justice of the High Court concerned, and where a judge of High Court is appointed as a Judge for any area under this Act, he shall be the administrative Judge for that area and such administrative Judge, in addition to the powers exercisable under this Act, either suo motu or on the application of any party, at any stage of the proceedings whether before or after the framing o charge for sufficient cause including as mentioned in sub-s. (1) of S. 28, transfer, withdraw or recall any case pending before any other [Anti-Terrorism Court][22] in that area and may either try the case himself or make it over for trial in any other [Anti-Terrorism Court][23] in that area.

5) The [Anti-Terrorism Court][24] to which a case is transferred or recalled for trial under subs-s. (4), shall proceed with the case from the stage at which it was pending immediately before such transfer or recall and it shall not be bound to recall or rehear any witness who has given evidence and may act on the evidence already recorded ]

14. Composition and appointment of presiding officers of [25](Anti-Terrorism Court)-

1) (1) (Anti-Terrorism Court) shall consist of a Judge, being a person who:-

i) [26][is a Judge of High Court or is] is or has been Sessions Judge or an additional Sessions Judge; or
ii) has exercised the power of a District Magistrate or an Additional District Magistrate or and has successfully completed an advance course in Shariah, (Islamic Law )conducted by the International Islamic University Islamabad; or
iii) Has for a period of not less than ten years been an advocate [27](of High Court)

2) Subject to the provisions of subs. (4) the Federal Government or the Provincial Government if directed by the Federal Government to establish a Court under this Act, shall after consultation with the Chief Justice of the High Court appoint a judge of each Court.

3) A Judge shall hold office for a period of two and a half years but may be appointed for such further term or part of term or part of tem as the Government appointing the Judge may determine

4) Judge may be removed from his officer prior to the completion of the period for which h he has been appointed after consultation with the Chief Justice of High Court. Explanation. The qualification of being an advocate for a period of not les than ten years
may be relaxed in the case of a suitable person who is a graduate from a Islamic
University and has studied Islamic Shariah and Fiqah as a major subject.

5) [28][In a case a judge is on leave or for any other temporarily unable to perform
his duties the Government making appointment of such judge may , after consultation with the Chief justice of High Court authorize the Sessions Judge, having jurisdiction at the principal seat of the Anti -Terrorism Court to conduct proceedings of urgent nature so long as such judge is unable to perform his duties]

15. Place of sitting.

1) Subject to Sub-sections (2) and (3) a Special Court shall ordinarily sit at such place or places as the Government may , by order specify in the at behalf.

2) The Government may direct that for the trial of a particular case the Court shall sit at such place including the place of occurrence of an offence as it may specify.

3) Except in a case where a place of sitting has been specified under sub-section (2) a Special Court may, if it considers it expedient or desirable so to do either suo motu or on the application of the public prosecutor sit, for holding the trial of a case at any place including a mosque other than the ordinary place of its sitting.

16. Oath by (Anti-Terrorism Court)

A [29][Member] of (Anti -Terrorism Court)[30] shall at the commencement of a proceeding under this Act, make oath ,, in the case of a Muslim, on the Holy Quran, to the effect that he shall decide the case honestly, faithfully and considering himself accountable t Almighty Allah, and in case of as non-Muslim in accordance with[31] “the constitution, law and his conscience”.

17. Power of (Anti-Terrorism Courts) with respect to other offences.

When trying any scheduled offence, a [32](Anti-Terrorism Court) may also try any offence other than the scheduled offence with which the accused may, under the Code, be charge at the same trial.

18. Public Prosecutors.

1) The Provincial Government shall appoint in relation to each Anti-Terrorism Court of Pakistan a proficient, diligent and professionally competent Public Prosecutors or Law Officers and may also appoint one or more Additional Prosecutors or Law Officers:

Provided that the Government may also appoint, to any case or class of cases, a Special Public Prosecutor.][33]

2) Every person appointed as a Public Prosecutor or an Additional Public Prosecutor or a Special Public Prosecutor shall be deemed to be a Public Prosecutor within the meaning of section 492 of the Code, and the provisions of the Code shall have effect accordingly.

19. Procedure and powers of Anti-Terrorism Court.

1) [(1) All offences under this Ordinance, except the offences in respect of which the investigation has already been completed and final report under Section 173of the Code has been submitted in the Court , shall be investigated by a Joint Investigation team which shall comprise of a police officer not below the rank of an Inspector and an officer of any other investigating Agency, including an intelligence agency, whom the Federal Government, or as the case may be , the Provincial Government, may nominate for the purpose. The Joint Investigating Team shall complete the Investigation in respect of a case triable by an Anti-Terrorism Court within seven working days and forward directly to the Anti-Terrorism Court a report under Section173 of the Code.

(1A) The Joint Investigating Team referred to in sub-section (1) shall have and exercise same powers as are vested in an officer Incharge of a Police Station under the Code][34]

2) Any default on the part of an officer-in-charge of a police station, an investigating officer or any other person required by law to perform any functions in connection with the investigation, that result in, or has the effect of , delaying investigation or submission of the report under sub-section (1) shall be deemed to be a willful disobedience of the order of the Special Court and the person committing the default shall be liable to be punished for contempt of Court.

3) The (Anti-Terrorism Court) may directly take cognizance of a case triable by such Court without the case being sent to it under section 190 pf the Code.

4) [********][35]

5) Where, in a case triable by a [36][Anti-Terrorism Court], an accused has been released from police caustody under section 169 of the Code, or has been remanded to judicial custody, the Special Court may , on good grounds being shown by a public Prosecutor or a Law Officer of the Government for reasons to be recorded in writing, make an order for placing him in police custody for the purpose of further investigation in the case.

6) [37](Anti-Terrorism Court) shall be deemed to be a Magistrate for purpose of [[38]sub-section and (5)]

7) [39][ The Court shall on taking cognizance of a case, proceed with the trial from day to day and shall decide the case within seven working days failing which an application may be made to the Administrative Judge of the High Court concerned for appropriate directions for expeditious disposal of the case to meet the ends of justice.]

8) [40]( Anti-Terrorism Court) shall not adjourn any trial for any purpose unless such adjournment is , in its opinion, necessary in the interest of justice and no adjournment shall, in any case be granted for more than two working days.

9) [41]( Anti-Terrorism Court) shall not, merely by reason of a change in its composition or transfer of a case under sub-section (3) of section 12, be bound to recall and re-hear any witness who has given evidence and may act on the evidence already recorded.

10) Any accused person may be tried in his absence if the Anti-Terrorism Court, after such inquiry as in deems fit, is satisfied that such absence is deliberate and brought about with a view to impeding the course of justice:

Provided that, accused person shall not be tried under this sub-section unless a proclamation has been published in respect of him in at least three national daily newspapers out of which one shall be in the Urdu language requiring him to appear at a specified place within seven days failing which action may also be taken against him under section 88 of the Code:
Provided further that the Court shall proceed with the trial after taking the necessary steps to appoint an advocate at the expense of the State to defend the accused person who is not before the Court.

Explanation.- An accused who is tried in his absence under sub-section shall be deemed not to have admitted the commission of any offence for which he has been charged.

Sub-section (10) as substituted

11) The advocate appointed under the second proviso to sub-section (10)
shall be a person selected by [42]( Anti-Terrorism Court) for the purpose and he shall be engaged at the expense of the Government.

(11A) Nothing contained in sub-section (10) or sub-section 11 shall be construed to deny the accused the d right to consult or be defended by a legal practitioner of his own choice.

12) If, within sixty days fro the date of his conviction, any person tried under sub-section (10) appears voluntarily, or is apprehended and brought before the Special Court, and proves to its satisfaction that he did not abscond or conceal himself for the purpose of avoiding the proceeding against him, the Special Court shall set aside his conviction and proceed to try him in accordance with law for the offence with which he is charged.

Provided that the [43](Anti-Terrorism Court) may exercise it powers under this sub-section in a case in which a person as aforesaid appears before it after the expiration of the said period and satisfies it that he could not appear within the said period and satisfies it that he could not appear within the said period by reason of circumstances beyond his control.

13) [44][**********]

14) Subject to the other provisions of this Act, a Special Court shall for the purpose of trial of any offence, have all powers of a Court of Sessions an shall try such offence as if it were a Court of Sessions as far as may be in accordance with the procedure prescribed in the Code for trial before a Court of Sessions.

[45][20. punishment:- ******]

[46][21. protection of Judges, Counsel, Public Prosecutor, witnesses and persons concerned with Court proceedings-
1) The Court may, subject to the availability of resources, make such necessary orders to take such measures, as it deems fit , within available resources, for the protection of a witness, judge, [Member][47] public prosecutor, counsel and other persons concerned in proceedings for an offence under this Act, which may also include the following measures:

(a) Proceedings may be held in camera, or under restricted entry of members of the public, where necessary for the protection of the judge, [Member][48] witnesses or a victim’s family members or to prevent persons from crowding or storming the Court to intimidate the judge or to create a threatening atmosphere; and

(b) The names of judges, [Members][49] counsel, public prosecutor, witnesses and persons concerned with Court proceedings shall not be published; and

(c) During any inquiry, investigation or Court proceedings, whenever the matter of the identification of the accused arises, adequate protection shall be provided to a witness identifying any accused, in order to protect the identity of the witness from the accused.

2) For purposes of protection of the judges, [Members][50] accused, witnesses. Prosecutor and defence counsel and anyone concerned with the Court proceedings, the Government may adopt such other measures as may be appropriate or may be prescribed [and the Armed Forces shall also provide comprehensive protection and securing to the judges, members, to the judges, members, accused, witnesses, prosecutors, Investigators, defiance counsel and all those concerned in the Court proceedings][51]

3) The Government shall extend protection to a judge, [Members][52] a counsel, public prosecutor and the witnesses during investigation of an offence and proceedings under this Act. And thereafter, as may considered necessary.]

[53][21-A. Cordons for Terrorist Investigation. ]
1) An area is a cordoned area for the purposes of a terrorist investigation under this Act, if it is so designated under this section.

2) A designation may be made only by an officer not below than rank of a [Deputy Superintendent of Police or a member of a Joint Investigation Team][54] if he considers it expedient for the purposes of a terrorist investigation.

3) If a designation is made orally, the officer making it shall confirm It in writing, as soon as it reasonably practicable.

4) The officer making a designation shall arrange for the demarcation of the cordoned area, so tar as is reasonably.

5) An area may be designated a cordoned area for a maximum period of fourteen days, which may be extended in writing from time to time, with each extension specifying the additional period:

Provided that a designation shall have no effect after 28 days beginning with the days beginning with the day on which it was made.

6) Where a person knows or has reasonable cause to suspect that a terrorist investigation is being conducted or is proposed to be conducted, a person commits an offence if he.
(a) Discloses to another, anything which is likely to prejudice an investigation; or
(b) Interferes with material which h is likely to be relevant to an investigation.

7) Whoever commits an offence under sub-section (6) shall be liable on conviction to imprisonment for a term not less than six months and not exceeding two years, and fine.

8) It is a defence for a person charged with an offence under sub-section (6) to prove-

(a) That did not know and had no reasonable cause to suspect that the disclosure or interference was likely to affect a terrorist investigation; or
(b) That he had reasonable excuse for the disclosure or interference.

9) For the purposes of this-

(a) A reference to conducting a terrorist investigation includes a reference to taking part in the conduct of, a terrorist investigation; and
(b) A person interferes with any material if he falsifies it, conceals it, destroys it or disposes of it, or if he causes or permits another to do any of these things.

21-B. Terrorist investigation.-

1) A policeman in uniform, [or a member of a Join Investigating Team][55] may

(a) Order a person in a cordoned area to leave immediately,
(b) Order a person immediately to leave the premises which are wholly or partly in or adjacent to a cordoned area,

(c) Order the driver or person in charge of a vehicle in a cordoned area to move it from the area immediately.
(d) Arrange for the removal of a vehicle from the cordoned area.
(e) Arrange for the movement of a vehicle within a cordoned area;
(f) Prohibit or restrict access to a cordoned area by pedestrians or vehicles,
(g) Enter and search any premises in a cordoned area if he suspects anyone concerned with terrorism is hiding there,
(h) Search and arrest any person he reasonably suspects to be a person concerned in terrorism:

Provide that any search of a person shall be done by a Police person of the same sex; or
i) Lake possession to any property in a cordoned area he reasonably suspects is likely to be sued for the purposes of terrorism.

21- C. Training.

1) Weapon Training: A person commits an offence if he provides, without valid authorization from the competent authority, any
(a) Fire-arms;
(b) Explosives; or
(c) Chemical, biological and other weapons.

2) A person commits an offence if he provides without valid authorization from the competent authority, authority, any instruction or training to any child under sub-section
(1) and, conviction, shall be liable to a term of imprisonment of not less then ten years and fine.

3) A person commits an offence if he receives instruction or training from anyone, without valid authorization from the competent authority, to give such instruction or traini9ng or invites another, specifically or generally, to receive such unauthorized instruction or training in the making or use of.

(a) Fire-arms;
(b) Explosives; or
(c) Chemical, biological, and other weapons.

4) A child commits an offence if he provides, without valid authorization from the competent authority, any instruction or training, or if he receives such unauthorized instruction, or training or invites another specifically or generally, to receive such unauthorized instruction or training in the making or use of –

a. Fire-arm;
b. Explosives; or
c. Chemical, biological, and other weapons.

5) A child guilty of an offence under sub-section (4) shall be liable on conviction to imprisonment for a term not less than six months and not exceeding five years.

6) A person guilty of an offence under sub-sections (1) to (3) shall be liable on conviction to imprisonment for a term not exceeding ten years , or fine or with both.

7) Training Terrorism.

(a) A person commits an offence if he provides, generally or specifically, any instruction or training in acts of terrorism.
(b) A person commits an offence if he receives any instruction or training in acts of terrorism or invites another, specifically or generally, to receive such instruction or training.
(c) A person guilty of an offence under sub-section (a) and (b) shall, on conviction, be liable to imprisonment of either description for a term of not less than not less one year and not more than ten years and fine.
(d) A person is guilty of an offence if he provides, any instruction or training in acts of terrorism to a child, and on conviction shall be liable on conviction to imprisonment of either description for a term not less than ten years and fine.
(e) A child commits an offence if he provides, generally or specifically, any instruction or training in acts of terrorism, and on conviction, shall be liable to imprisonment for a term not less than six months and not more than five years.
(f) A child commits an offence if he receives, generally or specifically, instructions or training in acts of terrorism, and on conviction, shall be liable to imprisonment for a term not less than six months and not more than five years.

8) A Court by which a person is convicted of an offence under this section, may order the forfeiture of any thing or property which it considers to have been in the person’s possession for purposes connected with the offence, after giving any person , other than the convicted person who claims to be the owner or is otherwise interested, an opportunity of being heard.

21-D. Bail.-

1) Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 439, 491, 496, 497, 498-A, and 561-A of the Code, no Court, other than an Anti-terrorism Court, a High Court or the Supreme Court of Pakistan, shall have the power or jurisdiction to grant bail to or otherwise release and accused. Person in a case triable by an Anti-terrorism Court.

2) All offences under this Act punishable with death or imprisonment [***][56] exceeding three years shall be non-bailable.
Provided that if there appear reasonable grounds for believing that any person accused of non-bailable offence has been guilty of an offence punishable with death or imprisonment for life or imprisonment for not less than ten years, such person shall not be released on bail.

3) Subject to sub-section (2), the Court may admit a person to bail unless satisfied that there are substantial grounds for believing that the person, if released on bail (whether subject to conditions or not), would-

(a) Fail to surrender to custody ;
(b) Commit an offence while on bail;
(c) Interfere with a witness; otherwise obstruct or attempt to obstruct the course of justice, whether in relation to himself or another person; or

(d) Fail to comply with the conditions of release (if any).

4) In exercising its powers in relation to a person seeking bail under this Act, the Court shall have regard to such of the following considerations (as well as to any others which tt consider relevant)

(a) The nature and seriousness of the offence with which the person is charged;
(b) The character, antecedents, associations and community ties of the person;
(c) The time which the person has already spent in custody and the time which he is likely to spend in custody if he is not admitted to bail; and
(d) The strength of the evidence of his having committed the offence.

5) Without prejudice to any other power to impose conditions on admission to bail, the Court admitting a person to bail under this section may impose such conditions as it consider,
(a) Likely to result in the person’s appearance at the time and place required, or
(b) Necessary in the interests of justice or for the prevention of crime.

6) It shall be lawful for the person to be held in military or police protective custody in accordance with the conditions of his bail.

7) The Government or the Court may, under this Section, at any time, in respect of a person charged of and offence under this Act, if it considers it necessary, by special or general order, direct special arrangements to be made as to the place at which the person is to be held in order.

(a) To prevent his escape; or
(b) To ensure his safety or the safety of others.

21-E. Remand.-

1) Where a person is detained for investigation , the Investigating Officer, within twenty-four hours of the arrest, excluding the time necessary for the journey form the place of
arrest to the Court, shall produce the accused before the Court, and may apply for remand of

the accused to police custody [or custody of any investigating Agency joined in the investigation][57] M for which the maximum period allowed may be fifteen days;

Provided that, where an accused cannot within twenty-four hours be produced before the Court, a temporary order for police custody, [or custody of any other Investigating Agency joined in the investigation][58] not exceeding twenty-four hours may be obtained from the nearest Magistrate for the purposes of producing the accused before the Court within that period.

2) No extension of the time of the remand of the accused in police custody [or custody of any other Investigating Agency joined in the investigation ][59] shall be allowed, unless it can be shown by the Investigating Officer, to the satisfaction of the Court that further evidence may be available and the Court is satisfied that no bodily harm has been or will be caused to the accused;

Provided that the total period of such remand shall not exceed thirty days.

3) The court shall be deemed to be a Magistrate for purposes of sub-section (1).

21-F. Remissions.- Notwithstanding anything contained in any law or prison rules of the time being in force, no remission in any sentence shall be allowed to person, other than a child who is convicted and sentenced for any offence under this Act, unless granted by the Government.

21-G. Trial of offences. All offences under this Act shall be tried by the anti-Terrorism Court established under this Act.

21-H. Conditional admissibility of confession- Notwithstanding any thing contained in the Qanoon-e-Shahadat, 1984 (President’s Order No.10 of 1984) or any other law for the time being in force, where in any Court proceeding held under this Act the evidence (which inculde’s circumstantial proceedings held under this Act the evidence ) produced raises the presumption that there is a reasonable probability that the accused has committed the offence, any confession made by the accused during investigation without being compelled, before a police officer not below the rank of a District Superintendent of Police, may be admissible in evidence against him if the Court so deems fit;

Provided that the District Superintendent of Police before recoding any such confession, had explained to the person making it that he is not bound to make a confession and that if he does so it may be used as evidence against his and that no District Superintendent of Police has recorded such confession unless, upon questioning the person making it the District Superintendent of Police had reason to believe that it was made voluntarily; and that when he recorded the confession, he made a memorandum at the foot of such record to the following effect.

‘I have explained to (…name…) that he is not bound to make a confession and that if he does so any confession he may make may be used as evidence against him and I believes that this confession was voluntarily made. It was taken in my presence, and was read over to the person making it and admitted by him to be correct, and it contains a full and true account of the statement made by him.

(Signed)

Superintendent of Police.

21-I. Aid and abetment- Whenever aids or abets any offence under this Act shall be punishable with the maximum term of same imprisonment provided for the offence or the fine provided for such offence or with both.

21-J. Harbouring

1) A person commits an offence if he harbours any person who has committed an offence under this Act.
2) A person guilty of an offence under sub-section (1) shall be liable on conviction to punishment as provided in Sections 216 and 216-A of the Pakistan Penal Code (Act XLV of 1860 ).

21-K. Offences triable by way of summary procedure.—All offences under this Act punishable with imprisonment for a term of not more than six months with or without fine shall be tried by way of summary procedure.

21-L. Punishment for an Absconder.- Whenever being accused of an offence under this Act, absconds and avoids arrest or evades appearance before any inquiry, investigation or Court proceeding or conceals himself, and obstructs the course of justice, shall be liable to imprisonment for a term of not less than six months and not more than five years or with fine or with both.

21-M. Joint Trial

1) While trying any offence under this act, a Court may also try and other offence which an accused may, under the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898, be charged, at the same trial if the offence is connected with such other offence.

2) If, in the course of any trial under this Act of any offence it is found that the accused person has committed any other offence under this Act or any other law for the time being in force, the Court may convict an accused for such other law for the time being in force, the Court may convict an accused for such other offence and pass any sentence authorized by this Act or as the case may be, such other law, for the punishment thereof.

22. Manner and place of execution of sentence.- The Government may specify the manner, mode and place of execution of any sentence passed under this Act, having regard to the deterrent effect which such execution is likely to have.

23. Power to transfer cases to regular Courts.- Where, after taking cognizance of an offence, a Special Court is of opinion that the offence is not a scheduled offence, it shall, notwithstanding that it has no jurisdiction to try such offence, transfer the case for trial of such offence to any Court having jurisdiction under the Code, and the Court to which the case is transferred may proceed with the trail of the offence as if it had taken cognizance of the offence.

[60][24 Appellate Tribunal. There shall be one or more Appellate Tribunals for each province consisting of one or two Judges of the High Court to be nominated by the Chief Justice of the said Court and notified by the Government.

Explanation.- In this section ‘High Court’ means the High Court of the Province for which Special Court has been constituted.]

25. Appeal-

1) An appeal against the final judgment of a Special Court shall be to [61]a High Court”

2) Copies of the Judgment of a Special Court shall be supplied to the accused and the Public prosecutor free of cost on the day the judgment is pronounced and the record of the trial shall be transmitted to the [62]“High Court” within three days of the decision.

3) An appeal under sin-section (1) may be preferred by a person sentenced by a Special Court to [63]“a High Court” within seven days of the passing of the sentence.

4) The Attorney General or an Advocate General may, on being directed by the Federal of a Provincial Government, file an appeal against an order of acquittal or a sentence passed by a Special Court within fifteen days of such order.
5) An appeal under this section shall be heard and decided by “a High Court ” within seven working days.
6) [64][Omitted by Ordi. IV of 1999 and XIII pf 1999, w.e.f. 27.4.1999].

7) Omitted by Ordi. IV of 1999 and XIII pf 1999, w.e.f. 27.4.1999

8) Pending the appeal “a High Court ” shall not release the accused on bail.
9) [65]Any appeal being before an Appellate Tribunal immediately before the commencement of thte Anti-Terrorism (Amendment) ordinance, 1998, on appeal reversed an order or judgment passed by a Special Court, an appeal may be filed against such order or judgment in the Special Court within thirty days of such commencement.

[66][26. Omitted by Ordi. IV of 1999 and XIII pf 1999, w.e.f. 27.4.1999].

27. Punishment for defective investigation.- If a special Court or [67]“a High Court” comes to conclusion during the course of or at the conclusion of the trial that the investigating officer,
or other concerned officers have failed to pursue the case property and in breach of their duties it shall be lawful for such Court or, as the case may be [68]“High Court” to punish the delinquent officers with imprisonment which may extend to two years, or with fine or with both by resort to summary proceedings.

28. Transfer of cases.-

1) Notwithstanding anything contained In this Act, the [69]High Court may if it considers it expedient so to do in the interest of justice, or where the convenience or safety of the witnesses or the safety of the accused so requires transfer any case from one Special Court to another Special Court within or outside the area.

2) [70](An anti-Terrorism Court) to which a case is transferred under sub-section (1) shall proceed with the case from the stage at which it was pending Immediately before such transfer and It shall not be bound to recall and re-hear any witness who has given evidence and may act on the evidence already recorded.

29. Trial before (Anti-Terrorism Court) to have precedence.- A trial under this Act of an offence by (An anti-Terrorism Court)[71] and the appearance of an accused before it, shall have precedence over the trial of any other case against the accused in any other Court, except on its original side.

30. Modified application of certain provisions of the Code.-

1) Notwithstanding anything contained in the Code or in any other law, every scheduled offence shall be deemed to be a cognizable offence within the meaning of clause (f) of section 4 of the Code and the words “cognizable case” as defined in that clause shall be construed accordingly.
2) Sections 374 to 379 of the Code shall apply in relation to a case involving a scheduled offence subject to the modification that the references to a “Court of Sessions” [72][] wherever
occurring therein, shall be construe as reference to “Special Court” [73][].
3) [74] [(3)********
4) *************]

31. Finality of Judgment- A judgment or order passed, or sentence a warded, by a Special Court, subject to the result of an appeal under this Act shall be final and shall not be called in question in any Court.

32. Overriding effect of Act.-

1) The provisions of this Act shall have effect notwithstanding anything contained in the Code or any other law but, save as expressly provided in this Act, the provisions of the Code shall, in so far as they are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, apply to the proceedings before a special Court, and for the purpose of the said provisions of the Code, a Special Court shall be deemed to be a Court of Sessions.
2) In particular and without prejudice to the generality of the provisions contained in subsection (1), the provisions of section 350 of the Code shall, as for as my be, apply to the proceedings before a Special Court, and for this purpose any reference in those provision to a Magistrate shall be construed as reference to [75](An anti-Terrorism Court).

33. Delegation.- The Government may, by notification, delegate, subject to such conditions as may be specified therein, all or any of the powers exercisable by it under this Act.

34. Power to amend the Schedule.- The Government may, by notification, amend the [76][First, Second and Third Schedule] so as to add any entry there to or modify or omit any entry therein.

34. Power to make rules.- The Government may, by notification, make such rules, if any as It may deem necessary carrying out the purposes of this Act.

[77][35. Power to make rules.-

1) A high Court may make such rules, if any, as it may deem necessary for carrying out the purposes of this Act.
S. 35 as originally enforced was declared to be not valid being violative of Art. 175 and 203 of the Constitution. PLD 1998 S.C. 1445. The same has been substituted by Ordi. IX of 1998. Not valid as it militates against the concept of independence of judiciary[78]

36. Savings.-

1) Nothing contained in this Act shall affect the jurisdiction exercisable by, or the procedure applicable to, any Court or other authority under any law relating to the Naval, Military or Air Forces or any other armed force of the Government.
2) For the removal of any doubt, it is herby declared that, for the purposes of any such law as is referred to in sub-section (1), a Special Court shall be deemed to be a Court of ordinary criminal jurisdiction.

[79][37. Contempt of Court. A Special Court shall have the power to punish with imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months and with fine any person who-
(a) Abuses, interferes with or obstructs the process of the Court in any way or disobeys any order or direction of the Court ;
(b) Scandalizes the Court otherwise does anything which h tends to bring the Court or a
person constituting the Court into hatred, ridicule or contempt;
(c) Does anything which ten to prejudice the determination of a matter pending or most likely to come up before the Court; or
(d) Does anything which, by any other law, constitutes contempt of Court.

Explanation. In this section, “Court” means Special Court Notes: Section 37 has been substituted by Ord. IX of 1998.

38. Punishment for terrorist act committed before this before this Act.-

Where a person has committed an offence before the commencement of this Act which if committed after the date on which h this Act comes into force would constitute a terrorist act hereunder he shall be tried under this Act but shall be liable to punishment as authorized by law at the time the offence was committed.

39. Indemnity.- No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings shall lie against any person in respect of anything which is in good faith done or intended to be done under this Act.

[80][39-A. Removal of difficulties.- If any difficulty arises in giving effect to any provisions of this Act, the Federal Government may make such order, not inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, as may appear to it to be nec3essary for the purposes of removing the difficulty.]

[39-B. Repeal and savings—

1) The suppression of Terrorist Activities (Special Courts) Act, 1975 is hereby repealed.
2) Notwithstanding the repeal of the Suppression of Terrorist Activities (Special Courts)
Act, 1975 (XV of 1975) and the amendment of the Anti-Terrorism Act, 1997 (XXVII of 1997), by the Anti-terrorism (Amendment) Ordinance, 2001.
(a) Every order, decision or judgment passed by any Anti-terrorism Court
constituted under this Act or Special Court constituted under the Suppression of Terrorist Activities (Special Courts) Act 1975, or any appellate Court before such repeal or amendment shall remain in force and operative and the repeal or amendment shall not affect the previous operation of the law or any thing duly done or suffered or punishment incurred,

(b) Ever case, appeal and legal proceedings whatsoever filed or pending before any Court under the Suppression of Terrorist Actives (Special Courts) Act. 1975, Including the High Court and the Supreme Court shall continue to be proceeded with In accordance with law before the concerned Court of competent jurisdiction, including the Court established under this Act, and all orders passed, decisions made and judgments delivered hereafter by such concerned Court whether original, appellate or revisional, shall be deemed to have been validly and competently made;
(c) All convictions made, punishments or sentences awarded by the Anti-terrorism Court or Special Court or an appellate Court before such repeal or amendment shall be executed as if the said Acts where in force;
(d) Any investigation or inquiry under this Act or the Suppression of terrorist Activities (Special courts ) Act. 1975 made or instituted before the commencement dl the Anti-terrorism (amendment) Ordinance, 20014, shall continue to be made and proceeded with in accordance with law;
(e) All cases pending before the Anti-terrorism Court or Special court immediately before the commencement of the Anti-terrorism (Amendment) Ordinance, 2001, if not covered by this act or clauses (a) and (b) above shall stand transferred to the respective Courts of Sessions of the area or such

other Courts of competent jurisdiction where the cases were registered against the accused and such Courts shall proceed with the cases from the stage at which they were pending, without the necessity of recalling any witnesses; and

(f) The Court of Sessions or as the case may be, any other Court to which a case has been transferred from the Anti-terrorism Court or a Special Court under Clause (d) shall try it in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1898 (Act V of 1898), and the law applicable to such case.]

40. Amendment of the Criminal Law Amendment Act, 1908 (XIV of 1908).- In the Criminal law Amendment Act, 1908(XIV), the following amendments shall be made, namely–

(I) In section 15 clause (2) in sub-clause (a) for the words “violence or intimidation” the words “terrorism stirring up sectarianism, violence or intimidation which endanger or threaten public order” shall be substituted.
(II) For Section 16, the following shall be substituted namely:-
1) Declaration of an association to be unlawful (1) If either the Federal Government or the Provincial Government is of the opinion that an association is an unlawful association it may call upon the association to show cause within fourteen days why it should not be declared as unlawful association for the purpose of this Act.
2) If after hearing the association, the Federal Government or the Provincial Government is of the opinion that the association is an unlawful association it may declare such association to be an unlawful association.
3) If the Federal Government or the Provincial Government is of the opinion or to prevent injury to the people it is just and necessary to take immediate action, it may, pending passing of order under sub-section (2), by an ad interim order, declare an association to be unlawful.

4) An association aggrieved by an order under sub-section (2) may file an appeal before a Board appointed by the Chief Justice of the High Court of the Province consisting of a Chairman and two other persons each of whom is or has been Judge of a High Court.
5) The Board shall decide the appeal within thirty days and may pass such order as it may deem fit.
III) In section 17:
i) In sub-section (1) for the words “six months” the words “five years” shall be substituted; and
ii) In sub-section (2) for the words “three years” the words “seven years”
(IV) In sections 17A, 17D and 17E, for the words “Provincial Government” wherever occurring the words v ”Federal Government or the Provincial Government” shall be substituted.

[81][THE FIRST SCHEDULE]
(List of Prescribed Organizations)
[See Section 11-B]

THE SECOND SCHEDULE

(List of Organization under Observation)

[See Section 11-D (1) and (a)]

THE THIRD SCHEDULE

(Scheduled Offences)
See Section 2 (t)

1) Any act of terrorism within the meaning of this Act including those offences which may be added or amended in accordance with the provisions of Section 34 of this Act.
2) Any other offence punishable under this Act.
3) Any attempt to commit, or any aid or abetment of , or any conspiracy to commit, any of the aforesaid offences.]

Foot notes

[1] PLD1997 Fed St 225.

[2] PLD 1998 Cent St. 3

[3] PLJ 2001 Fed. St. 445.

[4] Words ”or” in all probability is likely to commit omitted by ord. No IX of 1998

[5] Subs. By Ordinance XXXIX of 2001;PLJ 2001 Fed. St. 445.

[6] Added by Ord. No IX of 1998.

[7] Subs. By Ordi. XIII pf 1999 w.e.f. 27.8.1999.

[8] Inserted by Ordinance XXXIX of 2001; PLJ 2001 Fed. St.445.

[9] Subs. By Ordi. XIII of 1999, w.e.f. 27.8.1999.

[10] Subs. By Ordi. XIII of 1999 w.e.f. 27.8.1999. for the word Special Court.

[11] Subs. By Ordi. Ibid.

[12] Subs. By Ordi. Ibid.

[13] Subs. By Ordi. VII of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167.

[14] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 167.

[15] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 167.

[16] Added by Ordi.XX of 1999 w.e.f. 1999 NLR 2.12.2000. Federal Statute 51.

[17] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167.

[18] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167.

[19] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[20] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[21] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[22] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[23] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[24] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[25] Subs. By Ordi. XIII of 1999 w.e.f 27.8.1999

[26] Subs. By Ordi. XX of 1999w.e.f2.12.1999 NLR 20000 Federal Statute 51.

[27] Subs. By Ordi. XIII of 1999, w.e.f. 27.8.1999.

[28] Add. By Ordi.XXIX of 2000, dt. 24.7.2000; PLD 2001 Cent St.1.

[29] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167.

[30] Subs. By Ordi. XIII of 1999, w.e.f. 27.8.1999.

[31] Words his faith to the effect that he will decide the case honestly and faithfully according to his conscience and

beliefs Subs. By Ord. No IX of 1998.
[32] Subs. By the ordi. Ibid.

[33] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167.

[34] Subs. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167.

[35] Omitted by the ordi. XXXIX of 2001: PLJ 2001 Fed. St. 445.

[36] Subs. By Ordi. XIII of 1999, w.e.f. 27.8.1999.

[37] Subs by ordi. Ibid.

[38] Subs. by the ordi. XXXIX of 2001: PLJ 2001 Fed. St. 445.

[39] Omitted by the ordi. XXXIX of 2001: PLJ 2001 Fed. St. 445.

[40] Subs by ordi. Ibid.

[41] Subs by ordi. Ibid.

[42] Subs. By Ordi. XIII of 1999, w.e.f. 27.8.1999.

[43] Subs by ordi. Ibid.

[44] Omitted by the ordi. XXXIX of 2001: PLJ 2001 Fed. St. 445.

[45] Omitted by the ordi. XXXIX of 2001: PLJ 2001 Fed. St. 445.

[46] Subs. by the ordi. XXXIX of 2001: PLJ 2001 Fed. St. 445.

[47] Inst. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[48] Inst. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[49] Inst. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[50] Inst. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[51] Added by Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167.

[52] Inst. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[53] Inserted by Ordinance XXXIX of 2001; PLJ 2001 Fed. St.445.

[54] Inst. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[55] Inst. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[56] Word “not “ Omitted by ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167.

[57] Inst. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[58] Inst. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[59] Inst. By Ordi. VI of 2002, PLJ 2002 Fed. St. 167

[60] Omitted by ord No IX of 1998. Declaration of the Supreme Court will not affect the trial already conducted and

conviction recorded PLD 1998 S.C 1145.
[61] Subs. For words an Appellate Tribunal by Ord. No IX of 1998.

[62] Subs. For words Appellate Tribunal by Ord. No IX of 1998.

[63] Subs. For words an Appellate Tribunal by Ord. No IX of 1998.

[64] Omitted by ord. No. IX of 1998.

[65] Added by Ord. No. IX o 1998.

[66] Omitted by ord. No. IX of 1998.

[67] Subs. For words an Appellate Tribunal by Ord. No IX of 1998.

[68] Subs. For words Appellate Tribunal by Ord. No IX of 1998.

[69] Subs. For words an Appellate Tribunal by Ord. No IX of 1998.

[70] Subs. by the ordi. XIII of 1999, w.e.f. 27.8.1999. PLD2000 Cent. St.2.

[71] Subs. By Ordi. Ibid.

[72] Words and High Court- omitted by Ord. No IX of 1998.

[73] Words and an Appellate Tribunal omitted by Ord. No. IX of 1996.

[74] Omitted by the ordi. XXXIX of 2001: PLJ 2001 Fed. St. 445.

[75] Subs. by the ordi. XIII of 1999, w.e.f. 27.8.1999.

[76] Subs. by the ordi. XXXIX of 2001: PLJ 2001 Fed. St. 445.

[77] Subs by Ord. No IX of 1998.

[78] PLD 2000 S.C. 111.

[79] Subs by Ord. No IX of 1998.

[80] Inserted by Ordinance XXXIX of 2001; PLJ 2001 Fed. St.445.

[81] Subs. by the ordi. XXXIX of 2001: PLJ 2001 Fed. St. 445.

Pakistan SC suspended government notification extending tenure of Army chief Gen. Qamar Javed Bajwa for another three years- 26/11/2019

Posted on by in Pakistan and tagged .

The Jurists Foundation thr. its Chairman v. Federal Govt. thr. Secty M/O Defence and others

“The stated purpose for the proposed re-appointment/extension in the term of office of the incumbent Chief of the Army Staff is “regional security environment”. The said words are quite vague and if at all there is any regional security threat then it is the gallant armed forces of the country as an institution which are to meet the said threat and an individual’s role in that regard may be minimal. If the said reason is held to be correct and valid then every person serving in the armed forces would claim re-appointment/extension in his service on the basis of the said reason”.

IN THE SUPREME COURT OF PAKISTAN

(Original Jurisdiction)

PRESENT:

Mr. Justice Asif Saeed Khan Khosa, CJ Mr. Justice Mazhar Alam Khan Miankhel Mr. Justice Syed Mansoor Ali Shah

Constitution Petition No. 39 of 2019

(Against Extension of Tenure of Chief of Army Staff)

The Jurists Foundation through its Chairman  …Petitioner

versus

Federal Government through Secretary Ministry of Defence, etc……Respondents

For the petitioner: Nemo.
For the respondents: Mr. Anwar Mansoor Khan, Attorney-
General for Pakistan
Mian Asghar Ali, Deputy Attorney-
General for Pakistan

Date of hearing: 26.11.2019

ORDER

Asif Saeed Khan Khosa, CJ.: The Court-Associate has produced before us a handwritten application statedly submitted by the petitioner seeking permission to withdraw this petition. The petitioner has failed to appear in person nor anybody else has appeared on his behalf. The application received does not carry any date and the same is not accompanied by any affidavit. There is nothing before us to accept or to presume that the said application has actually been submitted by the petitioner himself or that he has submitted the same voluntarily. Be that as it may the petition in hand invokes Article 184(3) of the Constitution and the subject matter of the petition involves a question of public importance with reference to enforcement of fundamental rights and, thus, the individual capacity of the petitioner pales into insignificance even if he decides not to pursue the present petition. The application attributed to the petitioner is, therefore, not entertained.

2. The learned Attorney-General for Pakistan is in attendance on his own and he has presented before us photocopies of many documents leading to an order passed by the President approving the summary sent to him by the Prime Minister along with his advice for extension/re-appointment of General Qamar Javed Bajwa, Chief of the Army Staff for a fresh term of three years in that office after expiry of his first term in that office. With the assistance of the learned Attorney-General for Pakistan we have gone through the said documents and have ex facie noticed the following things:

i) A summary had initially been moved by the Ministry of Defence for extension of the term of office of the Chief of the Army Staff and subsequently he was appointed as Chief of the Army Staff for a second term of three years after completion of his first term in that office but the learned Attorney-General for Pakistan has not been able to refer to any provision in any legal instrument regarding extension in service of a Chief of the Army Staff upon completion of his first term in that office or for his re-appointment to that office after completion of his first term.

ii) In the case in hand the Prime Minister had himself passed an order appointing the current Chief of the Army Staff for a second term in that office on 19.08.2019 whereas under Article 243 of the Constitution it is the President who is the appointing authority for that office. Apparently that mistake came to notice straightaway and on the same day, i.e. 19.08.2019 a summary was moved from the Prime Minister’s office to the President for extension/re-appointment of the incumbent Chief of the Army Staff and on that very day, i.e. 19.08.2019 the President was pleased to approve the summary in that regard and, hence, the advice of the Prime Minister was apparently accepted and acted upon. It appears that even that process was found to be flawed and on that very day it was realized that the Prime Minister or the President could not take the above mentioned actions without the

Constitution Petition No. 39 of 2019 3

approval of the Cabinet and, thus, on the next day, i.e. 20.08.2019 a summary was moved in the relevant regard for approval of the Cabinet and on 21.08.2019 the Cabinet was said to have approved the said proposal through circulation. The opinion of the Cabinet recorded in this regard, photocopies whereof have been produced before us, shows that there are 25 members of the Cabinet and out of those 25 members only 11 had agreed to the proposal which shows that the majority of the Cabinet had not approved the said proposal. Yet another peculiar aspect is that after the purported or so-called approval of the Cabinet regarding extension/re-appointment of the incumbent Chief of the Army Staff the matter was never sent to the Prime Minister or the President again for the purposes of a fresh advice or a fresh order of the Prime Minister and the President respectively.

iii) After our repeated queries the learned Attorney-General for Pakistan has referred to Regulation No. 255 of the Army Regulations (Rules) according to which a retirement of an Army officer can temporarily be suspended or limited. By placing reliance upon the said Regulation the learned Attorney-General for Pakistan has maintained that the Federal Government has the requisite authority to re-appoint or extend the services of an incumbent Chief of the Army Staff prior to his retirement if the exigencies of the service so require or the public interest so demands. A bare perusal of Regulation No. 255, however, prima facie shows that the said provision can be invoked after an officer has already retired from service and that is why the said Regulation speaks of suspension of retirement or limiting of retirement. Suspending a retirement or limiting a retirement before the retirement has actually taken effect may amount to putting the cart before the horse. The learned Attorney-General for Pakistan has, however, very candidly submitted before us that in the entire body of laws pertaining to the Pakistan Army there is no express provision available regarding re-appointment or extension in the service of a Chief of the Army Staff.

iv) The stated purpose for the proposed re-appointment/extension in the term of office of the incumbent Chief of the Army Staff is “regional security environment”. The said words are quite vague and if at all there is any regional security threat then it is the gallant armed forces of the country as an institution which are to meet the said threat and an individual’s role in that regard may be minimal. If the said reason is held to be correct and valid then every person serving in the armed forces would claim re-appointment/extension in his service on the basis of the said reason.

3. The points noted above call for a detailed examination of the matter of extension/re-appointment of General Qamar Javed Bajwa, Chief of the Army Staff and, therefore, he is hereby made a respondent to this petition and the office is directed to carry out the necessary addition in the memorandum of this petition. Let notice of this petition be issued to all the respondents for Constitution Petition No. 39 of 2019 tomorrow, i.e. 27.11.2019, as requested by the learned Attorney-General for Pakistan. In the meanwhile the operation of the impugned order/Notification in respect of extension/re-appointment of General Qamar Javed Bajwa, Chief of the Army Staff for another term in the said office shall remain suspended.

Chief Justice

Judge

Judge

Islamabad

26.11.2019

Exit from Pakistan (Control) Rules, 2010

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EXIT FROM PAKISTAN (CONTROL) RULES, 2010

[Gazette of Pakistan, Extraordinary, Part II,

2nd July, 2010]

S.R.O.74(KE)2010, dated 9-4-2010.—In exercise of the powers conferred by section 5 of the Exit from Pakistan (Control) Ordinance, 1981) (XLVI of 1981), the Federal Government is pleased to make the following rules, namely:–

  1.  Short tile and commencement.-–(1) These rules may be called the Exit from Pakistan (Control) Rules, 2010.

(2) They shall come into force at once.

  1.  Grounds to prohibit persons from proceeding from Pakistan to a destination outside Pakistan.–-(1) The Federation Government may, oy an order in writing under subsection (1) of section 2 of the Exit from Pakistan (Control) Ordinance, 1981 (XLVI of 1981), prohibit any person from proceeding from Pakistan to a destination outside Pakistan notwithstanding the fact that any person is in possession of valid travel documents if he is involved in:

(a) corruption and misuse of power or authority causing loss to the government’s funds or property;

(b) economic crimes where large governments funds have been embezzled or institutional frauds committed;

(c) acts of terrorism or its conspiracy, heinous crimes and threatening national security;

(d) case of key directors of a firm, in default of tax or liabilities of not less than ten million rupees;

(e) case of two or more key or main directors of a firm, in default of loan or liabilities exceeding one hundred million rupees;

(f) any case and his name forwarded by the Registrar of a High Court, Supreme Court of Pakistan or Banking Court only; or’

(g) drug trafficking.

(2) Nothing in sub-rule (1) shall apply to—

(a) persons involved in private disputes where government interest is not at stake, except cases of fraud against foreign banks and reputable companies with significant foreign investments;

(b) person involved in crime like murder and dacoity, etc., unless special grounds are furnished by the relevant home departments;

(c) directors who represent foreign investment in business;

(d) women or children undergoing education who are appearing as directors merely due to their family relationship with major shareholders; or

(3) Name of any person placed on the exit control list maintained by the Federal Government in pursuance of an order made under subsection (1) of section 2 of the said Ordinance and who:

(a) has proceeded from Pakistan, shall remain on such list, so long as the said order is in force, for taking legal action against him on return to Pakistan.

(b)  is in judicial custody likely to be released on bail by a competent court of law, shall remain on such list so long as the said order is in force; and

(c) has been convicted by a competent court of law for any offence shall remain on such list so long as the said order is in force and till his conviction attains finality.

  1.  Service of order.–An order made under subsection (1) of section 2 of the said Ordinance shall be served on the person concerned either through the local authorities or the staff of the immigration check post or by registered post and a copy thereof shall be forwarded to the Provincial Government, the Federal Investigation Agency and the Directorate of Immigration and Passports for immediate compliance:

Provided that an omission, for any reason, to serve the order on any person in the matter aforesaid shall not be deemed to affect the powers of the authorities at an immigration check-post to prevent departure of the said person from Pakistan on the authority of the copy in their possession.

  1.  Repeal.-–The Exit from Pakistan (Control) Rules, 1983 are hereby’ repealed.

THE EXIT FROM PAKISTAN (CONTROL) ORDINANCE, 1981
(XLVI OF 1981)

[21st December, 1981]

An Ordinance to provide for the control of exit of certain persons from Pakistan.
Whereas it is expedient to provide for the control of exit of certain persons from Pakistan.

And whereas the President is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary to take immediate action:

Now, therefore, in pursuance of the Proclamation of the Fifth day of July, 1977, read with
the Provisional Constitution Order, 1981(CMLA Order No 1 of 1981) and in exercise of all powers enabling him in that behalf, the President is pleased to make and promulgate the following Ordinance:

1. Short title, extent and commencement.— (1) This Ordinance may be called the Exit from Pakistan (Control) Ordinance, 1981.

(2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan.

(3) It shall come into force at once.

2. Power to prohibit exit from Pakistan.— (1) The Federal Government may, by order,
prohibit any person or class of persons from proceeding from Pakistan to a destination outside Pakistan, notwithstanding the fact that such person is in possession of valid travel documents.

(2) Before making an order under sub-section (1), the Federal Government shall not be
necessary to afford an opportunity of showing cause to the person against the order.

(3) If, while making an order under sub-section (1) it appear to the Federal Government
that it will not be in the public interest to specify the ground on which the order is proposed to be made, it shall not be necessary for the Federal Government to specify such grounds.

3. Review.— (1) Any person aggrieved by an order of the Federal Government under subsection (1) of section 2 may, within fifteen days of the making of the order, make a representation to the Federal Government for a review of the order, setting out in the representation the grounds on which he seeks the review.

(2) The Federal Government may, after giving the person making a representation an
opportunity of being heard, make such order as it may deem fit.

(3) Subject to the order of the Federal Government in review, an order under subsection (1) of section 2 shall be final and shall not be called in question before any courts or other authority.

4. Punishment.— Whoever contravenes, or attempts or conspires to contravene, or abets
the contravention of, any order made under sub-section (1) of section 2 shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to five years.

5. Power to make rules.— The Federal Government may, by notification in the official
Gazette, make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Ordinance.

THE EXIT FROM PAKISTAN (CONTROL) ORDINANCE, 1981

Posted on by in Criminal, Pakistan and tagged .

THE EXIT FROM PAKISTAN (CONTROL) ORDINANCE, 1981
(XLVI OF 1981)

[21st December, 1981]

An Ordinance to provide for the control of exit of certain persons from Pakistan.
Whereas it is expedient to provide for the control of exit of certain persons from Pakistan.

And whereas the President is satisfied that circumstances exist which render it necessary to take immediate action:

Now, therefore, in pursuance of the Proclamation of the Fifth day of July, 1977, read with
the Provisional Constitution Order, 1981(CMLA Order No 1 of 1981) and in exercise of all powers enabling him in that behalf, the President is pleased to make and promulgate the following Ordinance:

1. Short title, extent and commencement.— (1) This Ordinance may be called the Exit from Pakistan (Control) Ordinance, 1981.

(2) It extends to the whole of Pakistan.

(3) It shall come into force at once.

2. Power to prohibit exit from Pakistan.— (1) The Federal Government may, by order,
prohibit any person or class of persons from proceeding from Pakistan to a destination outside Pakistan, notwithstanding the fact that such person is in possession of valid travel documents.

(2) Before making an order under sub-section (1), the Federal Government shall not be
necessary to afford an opportunity of showing cause to the person against the order.

(3) If, while making an order under sub-section (1) it appear to the Federal Government
that it will not be in the public interest to specify the ground on which the order is proposed to be made, it shall not be necessary for the Federal Government to specify such grounds.

3. Review.— (1) Any person aggrieved by an order of the Federal Government under subsection (1) of section 2 may, within fifteen days of the making of the order, make a representation to the Federal Government for a review of the order, setting out in the representation the grounds on which he seeks the review.

(2) The Federal Government may, after giving the person making a representation an
opportunity of being heard, make such order as it may deem fit.

(3) Subject to the order of the Federal Government in review, an order under subsection (1) of section 2 shall be final and shall not be called in question before any courts or other authority.

4. Punishment.— Whoever contravenes, or attempts or conspires to contravene, or abets
the contravention of, any order made under sub-section (1) of section 2 shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to five years.

5. Power to make rules.— The Federal Government may, by notification in the official
Gazette, make rules for carrying out the purposes of this Ordinance.

India: The Continent of Dinia, or the Country of Doom (1946)

Posted on by in Pakistan and tagged .
Now or Never-Are We to Live or Perish Forever : Choudhary Rahmat Ali

India: The Continent of Dinia, or the Country of Doom (1946) : Choudhary Rahmat Ali

To begin with, itshould be noted that the word “Dinia” is composed wholly of the letters of the word “India”, the only change involved being the transposition of the central letter Din “India” to the first place to make it ” Dinia“. That is all. Then, it should be firmly grasped that, in spite of its origin in the Sanskrit word Sindhu, its evolution in the Greek word Indus. and its consummation in the present English form, the word “India”, as applied to these lands, has ever meant, still means, and ever will mean the lands of Caste Hindooism and Caste Hindoos and the word ” Dinia “, in spite of its origin in the Saracenic word “Din” and its evolution in the present Urdu form, signifies and ever will signify the lands of ” Dins” (religions), whatever they are, and of their followers, whoever they may be. 

India: The Continent of Dinia, or the Country of Doom (1946)
by Choudhary Rahmat Ali

NATIONS OF DINIA!

IT is time to realize that we, the non-Indian nations, who comprise the Muslims, Dravidians, Akhoots (Untouchables), Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists, and Parsis, are, and ever have been, the victims of “The Myth of Indianism “. That is the Myth which teaches that India is the country of “India,” i.e., the exclusive domain of Caste Hinduism and Caste Hindoos and which has been built up by the Caste Hindoos, buttressed by the British and, thanks to our own folly, believed by the world.

Past Record of the Myth
False in its origin and foul in its teachings, this Myth, from its very beginning, has wrought havoc and ruin to the cause of human freedom in the world. Throughout the ages it has compromised the status of Asia, distorted the history of Dinia, and degraded our peoples who have had the misfortune to live and to die in its sphere of domination.

Indeed, such is its evil spirit that, though left stripped of excuse for its mischievous activity since 711, yet, throughout the last thirteen centuries of its vogue, it has mentally enslaved and socially enchained, nationally minoritized and territorially disinherited us all. Not only that. It has frustrated our spiritual missions and perverted our civilizations, caged us in India and made India herself a country of doom for all the Indian as well as the non-Indian nations.

Present Role of the Myth
Nor has it stopped there. On the contrary, thanks to its priests and parasites, it has remained as active as ever and is now busily engaged in sabotaging the revival and recognition of us all as nations.

That is the cynical role which it is playing at present through its first believers, the Caste Hindoos, and its latest beneficiaries, the British Imperialists, who, in spite of their other differences, are co-operating with one another to canonize it anew and to preach its fatal cult with a view to perpetuating its strangle-hold on us all in the Continent of Dinia.

Why are they doing that?

The Caste Hindoos, who are more numerous than all our nations combined, are doing it because to them the existence of the Myth gives an opportunity first of keeping us mixed with themselves, then of disintegrating us as nations, and finally of absorbing us into their Indian nation. The British are doing it because to them, as an imperial power, the existence of the Myth gives an opportunity first of keeping us and the Caste Hindoos intermingled, then of exploiting our conflict, resulting from that intermingling, to strengthen their hold on India, and finally of justifying before the world, by citing the record of that conflict, their imperial rule over all the nations in India.

So it is to maintain their respective positions of sub-lordship and overlordship that both the Caste Hindoos and the British Imperialists are hymning the Myth and hypnotising us – the non-Indian nations -into accepting its teachings and, thereby, committing national self-immolation and submitting to the Indo-British Condominium.

To rationalize – and to realize – their aims, they are using two main arguments. First that the unity of ” the country of India ” is too natural to permit of its partition into separate homelands for all the Indian and the non-Indian nations. Secondly, that the constitutional principle of ‘ one country, one nation ” is so decisive as to reduce even our hundred and ten million Muslims, sixty million Akhoots, forty million Dravidians, seven million Christians, and six million Sikhs – to the position of mere sub-nations and satellites of the Indian nation, and thereby to disqualify each one of us from claiming the status of distinct sovereign nations in our own homelands, i.e., the areas to which we are individually entitled in proportion to our populations in the “country of India”.

It is obvious that both these arguments are pure cant and casuistry. For the assumption of the unity of the so-called “country of India” is contradicted by the facts of its geography and history ; and the application to its case of the constitutional principle of “one country, one nation is disputed by all the canons of International Law.

Might with Method
The truth is that, in their heart of hearts, both the British Imperialists and the Caste Hindoos know this. Yet, in utter disregard of that knowledge, they assume the unity of India, invoke the principle of “one country, one nation”, and enforce both-the mythical unity and the constitutional principle.

What does all this mean?

It means might with method; in other words, a firm stand by the Anglo Hindoo Entente for their own present and future purposes and a final warning to us, the non-Indian nations, that, in the name of the Myth, they won’t let us be sovereign nations in separate homelands in the Continent of Dinia, but will hold us down as the sub-nations and satellites of the Indian nation in “the country of India”.

Our Choice: Myth-destruction or Self-destruction
False but final, that is their position. What is ours? It can’ only be summed up as a choice between life and death that is to say, between Myth-destruction and Self-destruction. For it is sun-clear that if we do not destroy the Myth, the Myth will certainly destroy us.

It is, therefore, time for us all to realize the fatefulness of our position, and, in that realization, make our choice.

As we do that, we must remember that, for each one of us, everything is at stake and that, to save everything, this is our last and our best opportunity. For now, as never before, the Myth is not only discredited but also damned; and its supporters, though materially powerful, are morally powerless. They are aware both of the weakness of their case and of the strength of ours. So, if now we all challenge the Myth and give it a smashing blow, it will die a deserved death, and we shall all be free. But if we dilly -daily and miss this opportunity, the Indo-British Entente will reimpose it upon us in all its tyranny. In that case, everything will be lost, and we shall all be the slaves of the Indian nation, perhaps for centuries, perhaps forever.

My Choice is Made
In realization of the fatefulness of our position, so far as I am concerned, my choice is made. It is to destroy once for all the Myth that India is “the country of India,” to establish forever the truth that it is “the Continent of Dinia,” and thereby save and sovereignize the nations of the Millat and, given the opportunity, help others to do the same for themselves.

In recording this choice, I wish to make no secret of the fact that it is primarily inspired by the duty I owe to my Millat, whose spiritual decay and social decline, whose military defeat and political downfall, were, in my judgement, all due to the teachings of the Myth. Furthermore, it actually represents Part VI of the Pak Plan, which deals with the cause of the Continent of Dinia, whose creation will write ” Finis” to the territorial tyranny practised by the Myth in the name of the geographical unity of “the country of India “. Finally, ideally, I am dedicated to do all I can to make it national and Milli, international and universal, in order to fulfil the mission of my life, which is to change for ever the foundations, the framework, and the form of the political thought, expression, and action of the nations of the Millat and of all other nations, including even the Caste Hindoo with a view to creating a comity of sovereign nations, living in separate homelands in the Continent of Dinia, working out their individual national destinies in their own ways, and making their individual national contributions to the solution of the common problems of Dinia, of Asia, and of the world.

Let others make their choice
That is the full and frank explanation of my choice. Dictated as it is by the misdeeds and dangers of the Myth to my Millat, I do hope it will be shared, in their own interests, by all other victims of the Myth. I mean, the Dravidians, Akhoots, Buddhs, Christians, Sikhs, and Parsis, most of whom have not only suffered at its hands much more than have the Muslims, but are sure to suffer still more. This for obvious reasons. They are, as compared with the Muslims, smaller in numbers, more “Indianized” in outlook, less acutely conscious of the dangers of the Myth, and, consequently, more exposed to its subtle activities which are ever inspired by its suppressive intentions and soul-killing aims.

I trust they all will endorse this indictment of the Myth and this appraisal of their prospects under its aegis. Indeed they must, because the indictment is based on their own histories and the appraisal is supported by their own present plight as well as by the future programme of the exploiters of the Myth.

If they do, then they must act in realization of the fact that at the root of all their troubles lies this Myth and that, so long as it exists, for them to try to improve their individual positions vis-a’-vis one another is to treat the symptoms of the disease rather than the disease itself. To be more accurate, it is to trifle with the symptoms and to spread the disease arid to have themselves scourged by it.

The Writing on the Wall
Let them make no mistake about it. In the country of India – as for the Muslims, so for them – the fate of national subordination is inescapable. They cannot dodge it; they cannot defy; it they cannot defeat it. The reason is that, even if they achieve the recognition of their distinct nation-hoods in the country of India, they can never be sovereign nations in separate homelands. On the contrary, they will ever be the sub-nations and satellites of the Indian nation in, at best, the re-named regions of India – which is, and ever will be, another name for the Hindoo lands.

That is the writing on the wall. Let them read it and grasp its meaning. In case of any doubt about the fundamental distinction between sovereign nationhood and sub-nationhood, let them refer to the history of the Bavarians of Bavaria in Imperial Germany. It will tell them that, in spite of the recognition of their own state and king, the Bavarians were still a unit of the German nation, their territory still a component state of Germany, and their nationality in International Law still German.

This should convince them that in the country of India they would, at best, be like the Bavarians of Bavarian Germany. And even that only politically, not morally. For, morally, they won’t have the sense of patriotism and pride in India, which the Bavarians had in Germany. The Bavarians had it because they were German and, therefore, for them to merge themselves into Germany was an act of genuine patriotism.

They, the non-Indian nations, cannot have it because they cannot even pretend to be Indian ; they cannot even pass off the merging of their entities into India as an act of patriotism. The reason is they simply are not Indian. For if they were Indian, they wouldn’t be fighting, like the Muslims, against being treated as Indian and for being recognized as Dravidians, Akhoots, Buddhs, Christians, Sikhs, and Parsis.

That fact alone proclaims the difference between their moral position in India and that of the Bavarians in Germany. Furthermore it explains why, if they keep themselves in India, they won’t have any defence before their peoples and posterity. Finally, it shows that if they agree to merge themselves into India, they will belie their national histories, betray their national struggles, and abandon their national hopes. Need one add that, if they do this, they will richly deserve, and certainly receive, the strongest condemnation both from their peoples and from their posterity.

Let them discuss it among themselves and decide it for themselves. I am positive that, in the name of sovereign nationhood, my choice is the only one open to them. Indeed, there never was, and never will be, any other choice. For history shows that, throughout the ages, in similar crises all proud nations have ever made this very choice and fought to the last man to maintain their sovereign nationhoods.

If they follow this ancient tradition of proud nations and make the choice I have made, then it is mere commonsense that they- the Dravidians, Akhoots, Buddhs, Christians, Sikhs, and Parsis – should make common cause with us, the Muslims, in order to destroy the Myth that India is the country of India,” and to establish the truth that it is the Continent of Dinia,” and thereby save and sovereignize themselves as nations.

How to Destroy the Myth and Establish the Truth?
In view of the newness and magnitude of this dynamic choice, the comradely spirits among the nations concerned may well ask how to put it into effect.

I shall answer this question here and show that its implementation depends ultimately on the true realization and propagation by us all of two supreme facts. For, more effectively than anything else, it is our own realization and propagation of these facts that will explode the Myth, establish the truth, and thereby inspire all to work for the repudiation of the Myth and for the recognition of the truth by the Caste Hindoos, by the British, and by the world.

The Two Supreme Facts
What are these two supreme facts which are so charged with the fate or fortune of us all?

The first is that the vast and varied lands which are now commonly called the ” COUNTRY” of India are, geographically as well as historically, a “CONTINENT.” And the second is that what is now erroneously known as ” INDIA “–the exclusive domain of Caste Hindooism and Caste Hindoos – is, creedally as well as humanly, “DINIA” – the joint domain of several religions and fraternities.

First Fact: The Country of India is a Continent
I shall start off with the first fact, deal with it from both the geographical and the historical points of view, and endeavour to prove that the “Country” of India is in fact a Continent

(a) Its Geographical Aspect

Geographically, what is the distinction between a ” country” and a “continent “

In terms of geography whereas a “country ” is just a fair sized politicallv demarcated area of land that possesses some individual characteristics; a “continent” is a huge, continuous mass of land that is bordered by mountain chains or high seas, or partly by one and partly by the other That is what in geography, essentially distinguishes a “country” from a “continent”

Now, if we open our atlases and in the light of these broad, basic definitions, look it the map of India, we shall observe three outstanding facts and features

The first is that India is an immense extent of land. In fact, in area it is at least equal to the whole Continent of Europe, excluding Russia.

The second is that, in the north-east, north, and north-west, it is shielded by the highest mountain ranges in the world; arid, in the south-east, south, and south-west, its shores are washed by a vast ocean and high seas.

The third is that India is divided off from the Continent of Asia by barriers even more stupendous than those which separate the Continent of Asia from the Continents of Europe and Africa, or the Continent of North America from that of South America.

These three facts are conclusive in themselves ; and, taken together, they prove that geographically, in point of size, structure, and setting, India is a “continent”, not a “country” ; that actually it possesses all the main characteristics of the continents of the globe; and that semantically, like Asia, Africa, North America, South America, and Europe, it deserves to he termed and treated as a “continent” in itself.

(b) Its Historical Aspect

So much for the geographical aspect of the fact that the ” country ” of India is a ” continent “. What of its historical aspect?

In terms of history, whereas a ” country” means a respectable-sized unit of territory that is, as a rule, uni-lingual, uni-cultural uni-national, and uni-statal ; a “continent” signifies an aggregation of such territorial units and is, as a rule, multi-lingual, multi cultural, multi-national and multi-statal. In other words, whereas the history of a “country” is, in general, that of one land, one language, one culture, one nation, and one sovereign state ; the history of a ” continent” is in general, that of many lands, many languages, many cultures, many nations, and many sovereign states. That is the fundamental distinction between the history of a ” country” and of a “continent “.

Now, if in the light of this fundamental distinction we glance at any history text-book on India, we shall find that the history of India is definitely that of a ” continent”, not of a ” country”

The reason is that, like any other continent, though, in its incidentals, it is the history of a vast region, inhabited by peoples possessing certain traits of physical affinity and living for a few short spells under administrative unity yet, in its essentials, it is the history of many separate countries which have, throughout the ages, been inhabited by many distinct peoples, with different languages, philosophies, and civilizations, and organized for the most part into sovereign states, ruled by their own kings or emperors.

This was the case in the twenty centuries of the Dravidian Period of the history of India, in the twenty-one centuries of the Hindoo Period, and in the twelve centuries of the Muslim Period. Indeed, in its essentials, it is much the same today after the 150 years of the British Period.

The fact that it is much the same today is all the more remarkable because, in the British Period, the vast resources of the Anglo-Hindoo Entente have been systematically employed to destroy the ancient distinctions and divisions of India yet their indestructibility is such that they have survived in their entirety. The result is that, like any other continent, India remains as divided as ever. I mean divided religiously and ideologically, linguistically and culturally, territorially and nationally.

Again, these facts which, in point of truth, are incontrovertible and, in point of time, cover no less than fifty-five centuries of its history, prove that, historically, India is and ever has been in all but name a “continent “.

Such is the testimony of geography and history on the first supreme fact – a testimony which proves that India is a “continent”, not a ” country”.

Second Fact : ” India” is “Dinia”
Now I shall deal with the second supreme tact and show that, creedally and humanly, ” India” is “Dinia”

In the discussion of this fact as the words “India” and ” Dinia” are the key words, I had better first make their meanings perfectly clear.

To begin with, it should be noted that the word “Dinia” is composed wholly of the letters of the word “India”, the only change involved being the transposition of the central letter D in “India” to the first place to make it ” Dinia”. That is all.

Then, it should be firmly grasped that, in spite of its origin in the Sanskrit word Sindhu, its evolution in the Greek word Indus. and its consummation in the present English form, the word “India”, as applied to these lands, has ever meant, still means, and ever will mean the lands of Caste Hindooism and Caste Hindoos and the word ” Dinia “, in spite of its origin in the Saracenic word “Din” and its evolution in the present Urdu form, signifies and ever will signify the lands of ” Dins” (religions), whatever they are, and of their followers, whoever they may be. That is to say that whereas the word “India” defines the lands as the exclusive domain of Caste Hindooism and Caste Hindoos and consequently denies the existence and share therein of Dravidianism and Dravidians, of Akhootism and Akhoots, of Buddhism and Buddhs, of Islam and Muslims, of Sikhism and Sikhs, of Christianity and Christians, and of Zoroastrianism and Parsis, and misrepresents all peoples as Caste Hindoos in the lands of Caste Hindooism; the word “Dinia” defines these lands as the joint domain of all the religions and their followers found therein, and consequently acknowledges the existence and share therein of them all, and describes them as the peoples of the lands of religions without reference to any particular religion or fraternity.

Finally, it should be understood that my sole, supreme reason for defining the lands and describing the peoples by the word “Dinia” is the fact that religion as such is the most prominent characteristic of all the peoples living in the lands of ” Dinia “. Indeed it plays the most vital part in their lives and, now as ever, defines their national entities, inspires their national ideologies, shapes their national histories, and sustains their national hopes.

After these explanatory remarks on the significance of tile words “India” and Dinia “, I come to the discussion of the second supreme fact that, creedally and humanly, “India” is “Dinia “.

“INDIA” was “DRAVIDIA”
First of all we must remember that, in the course of ages, no country or continent in the world has retained its original name, or has always had the same name as it has at the present time. On the contrary, the names of all countries and continents have changed – and will change – with the change of their moral and human content. This is natural : it is logical.

Now, in this respect, what is true of other countries and continents is equally true of India. For it too has not always been known as “India”, and cannot hope to be known as “India” forever. Indeed, to go back no further than historical times, from 3500 to 1500 B.C., i.e. for twenty centuries, it was actually “Dravidia”

Why was it “Dravidia “?

The answer is that, throughout those centuries of its history, it was the exclusive domain of Dravidianism and Dravidians – their religion, language, culture, and civilization.

This, in brief, is the creedal and human explanation for India’s being “Dravidia” – for twenty centuries. Surely it is an explanation which is perfectly valid because in usage, in law, and in history, the right to name an object belongs to him who owns it.

“DRAVIDIA” changed into “INDIA”

How then did “Dravidia” become “India”?

“Dravidia” became “India” because – by 1500 B.C -the Caste Hindoos completed its conquest, crushed Dravidianism and Dravidians, colonized the lands with their own people, and made them practically the exclusive domain of Caste Hindooism and Caste Hindoos~their religion, language, culture, and civilization.

In the process of doing that, they gave the lands a new name which finally became “India” and symbolized the lands as the exclusive domain of Caste Hindooism and Caste Hindoos.

That is how “Dravidia” was changed into “India”.

Though the name “India” was obviously a misnomer in the case of most of the lands to which it applied and still applies – lands lying thousands of miles away from the Indus – yet one can see that essentially in this change of “Dravidia” into “India” similar causes produced similar effects. That is to say that the creedal and human factors which first made the lands Dravidia, now made them India.

This state of affairs lasted for centuries but it couldn’t last for ever. Sooner or later it was bound to be challenged and changed. And so it was.

In the sixth century B.C., the first challenge came to it in the birth of Buddhism, and by the end of the third century B.C., the position was definitely altered. But Caste Hindooism and Caste Hindoos met the challenge, banished Buddhism from the lands, and restored substantially the status quo ante.

“INDIA” converted into “DINIA”
Time marched on mid, in its march, it brought to these lands the Message of Islam in 638, and the Millat of Islam in 710. The result of the arrival of the Message and of the appearance of the Millat was that, after 710, India was no longer “India”.

What happened to it after 710?

After 710 began its conquest by Muslims. They colonized its lands with their co-religionists, welcomed large numbers of its inhabitants to Islam and built up a mighty Millat which conquered and ruled it for twelve centuries What is more, in the course of these centuries, they changed for ever its core and creed, its character and composition, and thereby, from being the exclusive domain of Caste Hindooism and Caste Hindoos, transformed it into the joint domain of at least three great religions and three great fraternities

Dravidianism and Dravidians (who had revived under Islam), Caste Hindooism and Caste Hindoos, Islam and Muslims. In other words, from 711 onwards they slowly but surely converted India into “Dinia”.

It is hardly necessary to add that the explanation of the conversions of India into “Dinia” lies in the same creedal and human grounds as those which made it first “Dravidia”, and then “India”.

The clock of history didn’t stop there either. It never does. It kept ticking away century after century and, in that process, turned out fresh forces. One of these forces was Sikhism and Sikhs. It appeared in 1499 as the fourth party hi these lands – still misnamed India, the exclusive domain of Caste Hindooism and Caste Hindoos. Naturally the appearance of this party made the lands, despite their misnomer, the joint domain of four great religions and four great fraternities and thereby, creedally and humanly, still further confirmed them as “Dinia”

“The world’s a scene of changes “, they say. The world and, one may add, India in particular! The relative significance of the appearance of Sikhism and Sikhs, as the last party, endured only up to 1757. In that year there came, in organized form, Christianity and Christians to these lands, still mis-styled India – the exclusive domain of Caste Hindooism and Caste Hindoos. This added yet another religion and another fraternity to the existing seven religions and seven fraternities, including Akhootism and Akhoots, Buddhism and Buddhs, Zoroastrianism and Parsis, and thereby still further exposed the falsity of calling the lands “India ” – the exclusive domain of Caste Hinduism and Caste Hindoos – and established the truth of their being “Dinia ” – the joint domain of Dravidianism and Dravidians, Akhootism and Akhoots, Caste Hindooism and Caste Hlindoos, Buddhism and Buddhs, Islam and Muslims, Sikhism and Sikhs, Christianity and Christians, and Zoroastrianism and Parsis.

This concludes the discussion of the second supreme fact and shows that creedally and humanly India is “Dinia”.

“DINIA” DEMANDS RECOGNITION
The proof of these two supreme facts once for all destroys the Myth that India is “The country of India” and establishes the truth that it is ” the Continent of Dinia”.

Further, it shows that in re-canonizing the Myth and in rejecting the truth, the Indo-British Entente is not only perpetuating a crime against our seven religions and seven fraternities but, also, committing a fraud upon humanity and a falsification of history

Furthermore, it confers on us the right to demand the formal repudiation of the Myth and the full recognition of the truth from the Caste Hindoos, from the British, and from the world; and imposes upon us the duty to press that demand at all costs, and with all the power at our command.

Finally, it ensures us the support of the science of semantics, of the practice of nations, and of the commonsense of mankind. For the science of semantics lays down the rule that, to be true, a name or title must signify the reality of the subject named – a rule which has already been acted on in changing the old myth-born names of the present-day provinces of ” India “. The universal practice proclaims that the names of most countries and continents, and of all nations and fraternities. do reflect their content, character, and composition. And the commonsense of mankind declares that to call the Continent of Dinia “the country of India” is at least as absurd as to call America. Red India : Tunis, Carthage ; France. Gaul; or Afghanistan, Gandhara.

NATIONS OF DINIA!

For centuries we have blindly submitted to the Myth of Indianism and suffered damnation. That submission and that suffering must now end. For now we know the truth and must work to ensure our salvation. To do that successfully and speedily, we must unite to exercise our right and to fulfil our duty in order to create the Continent of Dinia. We must realize that, whatever may be our differences on other issues, the cause of the Continent of Dinia is common to us till; and that on its success depends the national life and liberty, the national position and status of us all – Muslims, Dravidians, Akhoots, Christians, Sikhs, Buddlhs and Parsis.

lnspired by this realization we must begin to exercise our sovereign right and to discharge our solemn duty by first of all recognising the truth of the Continent of Dinia ourselves. This is most vital. The laws of Nature demand it as do the laws of Nations. They demand it because, in Nature, inner-recognition ever precedes outer-recognition; and, in the Comity of Nations, self-recognition is the pre-requisite of world-recognition.

Let us, therefore, conform to the laws of Nature and of Nations and make the beginning with our own recognition of the Continent of Dinia. In so doing, let us feel fortified by the fact that we do not deny the existence and interests of any religion or fraternity : that we demand merely the recognition of the existence and the interests of our own religions and fraternities; and that. for us, not to demand that recognition would be an act religiously of renegation, morally of self-degradation, territorially of self-disinheritance, and nationally of self-destruction.

Foundation of the Dinia Continental Movement
To exercise my own right and to discharge my own duty I have made this beginning ; and to work for the recognition of the Continent of Dinia, I have founded the Dinia Continental Movement. It is a movement which transcends all communalisms” and ” nationlisms ‘, all provincialisms” and “regionalisms ; and which means to give them all a higher and nobler significance.

Its membership is open to all those people who, irrespective of religion and race, of nationhood and nationalist, of local patriotism and territorial allegiance believe in the cause of the Continent of Dinia and are prepared to work for its success and triumph.

I ask all such people to join the Movement the aim of which is to remove the denationalizing, disinheriting and dispiriting effects of “Indianism” and to introduce the nationalising acknowledging, and inspiring influences of “Dinianism”. In other words, the Movement stands for the replacement of “Indianism” by “Dinianism” and of “countryism” ” by “Continentalism” . This it does for the good of all the nations concerned. For only “Dinianism” and “Continentalism” can save the nations from the doom awaiting them in the country of India, and secure them their permanent deliverance in the Continent of Dinia. That is a Continent of sovereign nations, living in separate homelands, working out their individual national destinies in their own ways, and making their national contributions to the solution of the common problems of Dinia, of Asia and of the world.

In that Spirit, I ask all fraternities – Dravidian, Akhoot, Buddh, Muslim. Sikh, and Christian, and Parsi – to support the Dinia Continental Movement and so actively vindicated the sincerity of their oft expressed interest in the true welfare of all nations and all religions. For it is that welfare of all nations and fraternities which the movement seeks in the conversion of the country of India into the continent of Dinia.

It seeks that welfare in that conversion because nothing else can ensure the realization of the individual; nationhoods of all nations in their separate homelands, the recognition of the equality of all nations in the Comity of Nations, the reflection of the equality of all nations in the overall name, “Dinia” for all the lands of the Continent, and the creation among them all of such sentiment of common unity, of such a sense of common duty, and of such a spirit of common destiny as will inspire them all to live, to labour, and if necessary, to die for the name and fame, for the freedom and independence, and for the progress and prosperity of the whole Continent of Dinia.

This is the message of the Dinia Continental Movement. It is a message and mission which springs from the eternal laws of life, spells the liberations of all nations and fraternities, and promises the fulfilment of the destiny of the one fourth of mankind, living in the lands of the Continent of Dinia.

Let all – the Indian and the non Indian nations -study it. Let those who differ divine a nobler message and mission. Let those also agree work for it and wait for the verdict of history. I am positive that that verdict will acclaim this message and mission, bless the workers, and vindicate the Dinia Continental Movement.

Long Live the Nations of Dinia!

Long Live the Countries of Dinia!

Long Live the Continent of Dinia!

Choudhary Rahmat Ali -(1897–1951)

Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan [DRAP]

Posted on by in Pakistan and tagged .

DRAP was established in 2012 enacted under DRAP ACT, 2012.

Important Divisions

  1. PE&R
  2. Licensing
  3. Quality Assurance
  4. Medical Devices
  5. Biological Drugs
  6. Controlled Drugs
  7. Pharmacy Services
  8. Health & OTC

Laws connected with

  • Drugs Act, 1976
  • DRAP ACT, 2012

Contact:

Head Office
TF Complax
G9/4, Islamabad Pakistan

Phone:92-51-9107416
Toll Free:0800-03727

DRAP Karachi Office
WPF ISAID Building No IV
Block “B” S.M.C.H Society, Karachi

Phone:021-34390712,13

Important Links :

PROCEDURE FOR GRANT OF DRUGS MANUFACTURING LICENSE IN PAKISTAN

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Drug Licensing Division shall be responsible for the licensing of the drugs manufacturing facilities and to perform other functions connected therewith.

1. The Drugs Act, 1976 regulates the import, export, manufacture, storage, distribution and sale drugs.

2. The grant of licenses to manufacture drugs is regulated by Central Licensing Board (CLB) setup under section 5 of the Drugs Act, 1976. The C.L.B. consists of highly technical, professional and experienced persons from pharmaceutical field, including the representatives of renowned Pharmacy institutions, representatives of all Provincial Health Departments and a law expert (representative of Law & Justice Division) etc. The nominees of stake holders i.e. Pakistan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (PPMA), Pharma Bureau (representative body of multinational companies), Pakistan Chemists and Druggists Association (PCDA) etc may also attend the meeting of C.L.B. The composition of C.L.B. is laid down under rule 8 of the Drugs (Licensing, Registering and Advertising) Rules, 1976 framed under the Drugs Act, 1976.

3. The Central Licensing Board (CLB) at present comprisies of 14 members including experts from the fields of Manufacturing and Quality Control of Pharmaceuticals, Professors of renowned universities, representatives of Health Departments Government of Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtun Khwa, Balochistan and a Law expert.

4. As provided under rule 3 of the Drugs (Licensing, Registering and Advertising) Rules, 1976 framed under the Drugs Act, 1976, following five (5) types of licenses are issued depending upon the nature of the activity of Pharmaceutical Manufacture: –

a) License to manufacture by way of Formulation
b) License to manufacture by way of Basic Manufacture
c) License to manufacture by way of Semi Basic Manufacture
d) License to manufacture by way of Repacking
e) License to manufacture by way of Experimental purpose.
A pharmaceutical unit (facility) can possess more than one licenses depending upon the nature of activity being under taken by the manufacturer / licensee.

5. The salient features of the procedure for grant of a license by way of formulation / basic/ semi basic/ re-packing are as under: –

i) When an application is made to the Central Licensing Board for establishment of a Pharmaceutical unit, the same is examined and scrutinized in the light of required documents and after the fulfillment of pre-requisites the proposed site is got inspected for site verification by the Area FID / Field Officer of Drug Regulatory Authority of Pakistan (DRAP). If the proposed site is recommended for establishment of pharmaceutical unit in the light of requirements laid down under Schedule B of the Drugs (Licensing, Registering and Advertising) Rules, 1976 framed under the Drugs Act, 1976, the case is processed for approval of the site by the competent authority. Afterward the site approval is communicated to the applicant if it is in conformity to the provisions of the rules otherwise the same is rejected by the competent authority, if the site does not meet the laid down criteria under the aforesaid rules and so reported by the field officer/FID concerned.

ii) In case the site is approved, the applicant is then required to furnish layout plan, drawn inline with current Good Manufacturing Practices (cGMP) requirements, for construction of the proposed unit. The guidelines to this effect (cGMP requirements) are given in Schedule B-1 of the above referred rules. Once the layout plan is found in order as per cGMP requirement, the same is processed for the approval of competent authority. The approval is communicated to the applicant for construction of the facility.

iii) The applicant after completing the construction of the unit submits application for grant of Drug Manufacturing License (DML) on the prescribed Form-I along with the necessary documents / information. The application is examined and scrutinized and if all codal formalities have been fulfilled, a panel is constituted for inspection of the unit. The panel of experts / inspectors including a member of C.L.B. inspects the premises to evaluate the facilities provided for production and Quality Control of drugs to be manufactured and submits its report accordingly. The inspection report is placed before the CLB in its meeting for consideration and decision in the light of recommendations of the panel and provisions of the relevant law / rules.

iv) The CLB which meets after every six to eight weeks, passes its orders on the recommendations of the panel as mentioned in the report. If a case for grant of DML is approved by the CLB a license is issued on prescribed Form-2 for a period of five years after which it is renewable for another such period on an application made by the applicant on prescribed Form-IA alongwith all requisites documents. Once an application for renewal of DML has been made in time, the license continues to be enforced till the decision / orders on the application for renewal are passed by the CLB.

v) A license may be suspended or cancelled or renewal denied if the licensee fails to comply with the conditions of license or cGMP as provided under the Drugs (Licensing, Registering and Advertising) Rules, 1976 framed under the Drugs Act, 1976.

6. The procedural requirements for other types of Drug Manufacturing Licenses are similar as that of the Formulation, with some variations of conditions depending upon the type of the license.