POCSO Act
23- Procedure for media: (1) No person shall make any report or present comments on any child from any form of media or studio or photographic facilities without having complete and authentic information, which may have the effect of lowering his reputation or infringing upon his privacy.
(2) No reports in any media shall disclose, the identity of a child including his name, address, photograph, family details, school, neighbourhood or any other particulars which may lead to disclosure of identity of the child:
Provided that for reasons to be recorded in writing, the Special Court, competent to try the case under the Act, may permit such disclosure, if in its opinion such disclosure is in the interest of the child.
(3) The publisher or owner of the media or studio or photographic facilities shall be jointly and severally liable for the acts and omissions of his employee.
(4) Any person who contravenes the provisions of sub-section (1) or sub-section (2) shall be liable to be punished with imprisonment of either description for a period which shall not be less than six months but which may extend to one year or with fine or with both.
NOTES
“2. … Section 228-A IPC makes disclosure of identity of victim of certain offences punishable. Printing or publishing the name or any matter which may make known the identity of any person against whom an offence under Sections 376, 376-A, 376-B, 376-C or 376-D is alleged or found to have been committed can be punished. True it is, the restriction does not relate to printing or publication of judgment by the High Court or the Supreme Court. But keeping in view the social object of preventing social victimization or ostracism of the victim of a sexual offence for which Section 228-A has been enacted, it would be appropriate that in the judgments, be it of this Court, the High Court or the lower court, the name of the victim should not be indicated.”
(See State of Karnataka v. Puttaraja [(2004) 1 SCC 475], at SCC pp. 478-79, para 2 and Dinesh v. State of Rajasthan [(2006) 3 SCC 771]”
Reference may necessarily be made to the Juvenile Justice Act, Chapter IX, “Other Offences Against Children”, in Section 74, which reads as follows;
“74. Prohibition on disclosure of identity of children.―(1) No report in any newspaper, magazine, news-sheet or audio-visual media or other forms of communication regarding any inquiry or investigation or judicial procedure, shall disclose the name, address or school or any other particular, which may lead to the identification of a child in conflict with law or a child in need of care and protection or a child victim or witness of a crime, involved in such matter, under any other law for the time being in force, nor shall the picture of any such child be published:
Provided that for reasons to be recorded in writing, the Board or Committee, as the case may be, holding the inquiry may permit such disclosure, if in its opinion such disclosure is in the best interest of the child.
(2) The Police shall not disclose any record of the child for the purpose of character certificate or otherwise in cases where the case has been closed or disposed of.
(3) Any person contravening the provisions of sub-section (1) shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may extend to six months or fine which may extend to two lakh rupees or both.”
The mandate of the provision requires no further clarification.
Suffice it to say that neither for a child in conflict with law, or a child in need of care and protection, or a child victim, or witness of a crime involved in matter, the name, address, school or other particulars which could lead to the child being tracked, found and identified shall be disclosed, unless for the reasons given in the proviso extracted hereinbefore. The Police and Media are required to be equally sensitive in such matters and to ensure that the mandate of law is complied with to the letter. [Subash Chandra Rai vs. The State of Sikkim Judiciary]
In addition to the above, Chapter V of the POCSO Act prescribes the procedure for reporting of cases. Section 19 which commences with a non-obstante clause envisages that any person which includes the child, has the apprehension that an offence under this Act is likely to be committed or has knowledge that such an offence has been committed, he shall provide such information to the Special Juvenile Police Unit or the local Police. The details have been laid down in this Section.
The POCSO Act also imposes an obligation on personnel of the media, hotel, lodge, hospital, club, studio, photographic facilities, to provide information to the Special Juvenile Police Unit or to the local Police if they come across any material or object which is sexually exploitative of a child. The relevant provision is as follows;
“20. Obligation of media, studio and photographic facilities to report cases.–Any personnel of the media or hotel or lodge or hospital or club or studio or photographic facilities, by whatever name called, irrespective of the number of persons employed therein, shall, on coming across any material or object which is sexually exploitative of the child (including pornographic, sexually-related or making obscene representation of a child or children) through the use of any medium, shall provide such information to the Special Juvenile Police Unit, or to the local police, as the case may be.”
