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Labour Laws in India

After seven decades of independence, India has finally undertaken the most comprehensive overhaul of its labour laws (श्रम संहिता). In 2020, Parliament consolidated 29 archaic and overlapping central labour laws into four modern, forward-looking Labour Codes:

The Code on Wages, 2019
The Industrial Relations Code, 2020
The Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020
The Code on Social Security, 2020

For the first time, the benefits of labour laws extend universally to all workers — whether in the organised or the unorganised sector, whether permanent or on fixed-term contracts, whether employed in factories or working as gig and platform workers.