Ambedkar-Gandhi Poona Pact (1932)

The Poona Pact of 1932 introduced reserved seats for the Depressed Classes in provincial and central legislatures, based on the population. It outlined a system of joint electorates and reserved seats, with a provision for primary elections after the first ten years, unless terminated by mutual agreement. Additionally, it ensured no discrimination based on caste in local body elections and public service appointments, with a focus on educational facilities for the Depressed Classes. This pact was a significant step in addressing the representation and rights of the Depressed Classes. Notably, it is essential to recognize that Ambedkar never used the term 'Dalit'.

advtanmoy 16/10/2021 3 minutes read

Ambedkar-Gandhi Poona Pact 1932 and Depressed Classes Representation

Ambedkar-Gandhi Poona Pact 1932

Text

1- There shall be seats reserved for the Depressed Classes out of general electorate seats in the provincial legislatures as follows: –

Madras 30; Bombay with Sind 25; Punjab 8; Bihar and Orissa 18; Central Provinces 20; Assam 7; Bengal 30; United Provinces 20. Total 148. These figures are based on the Prime Minister’s (British) decision.

2. Election to these seats shall be by joint electorates subject, however, to the following procedure –

All members of the Depressed Classes registered in the general electoral roll of a constituency will form an electoral college which will elect a panel of tour candidates belonging to the Depressed Classes for each of such reserved seats by the method of the single vote and four persons getting the highest number of votes in such primary elections shall be the candidates for election by the general electorate.

3. The representation of the Depressed Classes in the Central Legislature shall likewise be on the principle of joint electorates and reserved seats by the method of primary election in the manner provided for in clause above for their representation in the provincial legislatures.

CENTRAL LEGISLATURE

4. In the Central Legislature 18 percent of the seats allotted to the general electorate for British India in the said legislature shall he reserved for the Depressed Classes.

5. The system of primary election to a panel of candidates for election to the Central and Provincial Legislatures as i herein-before mentioned shall come to an end after the first ten years, unless terminated sooner by mutual agreement under the provision of clause 6 below.

6. The system of representation of Depressed Classes by reserved seats in the Provincial and Central Legislatures as provided for in clauses (1) and (4) shall continue until determined otherwise by mutual agreement between the communities concerned in this settlement.

7. The Franchise for the Central and Provincial Legislatures of the Depressed Classes shall be as indicated, in the Lothian Committee Report.

8. There shall be no disabilities attached to any one on the ground of his being a member of the Depressed Classes in regard to any election to local bodies or appointment to the public services. Every endeavour shall be made to secure a fair representation of the Depressed Classes in these respects, subject to such educational qualifications as may be laid down for appointment to the Public Services.

(Adult franchise but reservation has been provided for Depressed Classes on a population basis, till 1960),

9. In every province out of the educational grant an adequate sum shall be earmarked for providing educational facilities to the members of Depressed Classes.

Note: Ambedkar never used the term ‘Dalit’

Barrister Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar and the court cases he argued