Law of the Sea

International Maritime Organization Conventions [ Major]

1. International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS), 1974, as amended
2. International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973, as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto and by the Protocol of 1997 (MARPOL)
3. International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW) as amended, including the 1995 and 2010 Manila Amendments

Conventions relating to maritime safety and security and ship/port interface

Convention on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREG), 1972
Convention on Facilitation of International Maritime Traffic (FAL), 1965
International Convention on Load Lines (LL), 1966
International Convention on Maritime Search and Rescue (SAR), 1979
Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Maritime Navigation(SUA), 1988, and Protocol for the Suppression of Unlawful Acts Against the Safety of Fixed Platforms located on the Continental Shelf (and the 2005 Protocols)
International Convention for Safe Containers (CSC), 1972
Convention on the International Maritime Satellite Organization (IMSO C), 1976
The Torremolinos International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels (SFV), 1977,  superseded by the The 1993 Torremolinos Protocol; Cape Town Agreement of 2012 on the Implementation of the Provisions of the 1993 Protocol relating to the Torremolinos International Convention for the Safety of Fishing Vessels
International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Fishing Vessel Personnel (STCW-F), 1995
Special Trade Passenger Ships Agreement (STP), 1971 and Protocol on Space Requirements for Special Trade Passenger Ships, 1973

Conventions relating to prevention of marine pollution

International Convention Relating to Intervention on the High Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties (INTERVENTION), 1969
Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution by Dumping of Wastes and Other Matter (LC), 1972 (and the 1996 London Protocol)
International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation (OPRC), 1990
Protocol on Preparedness, Response and Co-operation to pollution Incidents by Hazardous and Noxious Substances, 2000 (OPRC-HNS Protocol)
International Convention on the Control of Harmful Anti-fouling Systems on Ships (AFS), 2001
International Convention for the Control and Management of Ships’ Ballast Water and Sediments, 2004
The Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships, 2009

Conventions covering liability and compensation

1. International Convention on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage (CLC), 1969
   1992
2. Protocol to the International Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (FUND 1992)
3. Convention relating to Civil Liability in the Field of Maritime Carriage of Nuclear Material(NUCLEAR), 1971
4. Athens Convention relating to the Carriage of Passengers and their Luggage by Sea (PAL), 1974
5. Convention on Limitation of Liability for Maritime Claims (LLMC), 1976
6. International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage in Connection with the Carriage of Hazardous and Noxious Substances by Sea (HNS), 1996 (and its 2010 Protocol)
7. International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage, 2001
8. Nairobi International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks, 2007

Other subjects

1. International Convention on Tonnage Measurement of Ships (TONNAGE), 1969
   International Convention on Salvage (SALVAGE), 1989
2. Convention establishing IMO
3. Convention on the International Maritime Organization

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PACIFIC SETTLEMENT OF DISPUTES [ UNO charter]

Article 33
The parties to any dispute, the continuance of which is likely to endanger the maintenance of international peace and security, shall, first of all, seek a solution by negotiation, enquiry, mediation, conciliation, arbitration, judicial settlement, resort to regional agencies or arrangements, or other peaceful means of their own choice.
The Security Council shall, when it deems necessary, call upon the parties to settle their dispute by such means.

Article 34

The Security Council may investigate any dispute, or any situation which might lead to international friction or give rise to a dispute, in order to determine whether the continuance of the dispute or situation is likely to endanger the maintenance of international peace and security.

Article 35

Any Member of the United Nations may bring any dispute, or any situation of the nature referred to in Article 34, to the attention of the Security Council or of the General Assembly.
A state which is not a Member of the United Nations may bring to the attention of the Security Council or of the General Assembly any dispute to which it is a party if it accepts in advance, for the purposes of the dispute, the obligations of pacific settlement provided in the present Charter.
The proceedings of the General Assembly in respect of matters brought to its attention under this Article will be subject to the provisions of Articles 11 and 12.

Article 36

The Security Council may, at any stage of a dispute of the nature referred to in Article 33 or of a situation of like nature, recommend appropriate procedures or methods of adjustment.
The Security Council should take into consideration any procedures for the settlement of the dispute which have already been adopted by the parties.
In making recommendations under this Article the Security Council should also take into consideration that legal disputes should as a general rule be referred by the parties to the International Court of Justice in accordance with the provisions of the Statute of the Court.

Article 37

Should the parties to a dispute of the nature referred to in Article 33 fail to settle it by the means indicated in that Article, they shall refer it to the Security Council.
If the Security Council deems that the continuance of the dispute is in fact likely to endanger the maintenance of international peace and security, it shall decide whether to take action under Article 36 or to recommend such terms of settlement as it may consider appropriate.

Article 38

Without prejudice to the provisions of Articles 33 to 37, the Security Council may, if all the parties to any dispute so request, make recommendations to the parties with a view to a pacific settlement of the dispute.

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