Glossary of Indian Logic (Sanskrit) तर्क शब्दावली

तर्कशब्दावली

This vocabulary is connected with Navya Naya rather than the Naya Sutra by Goutama

Dharmisvarūpaviparītasādhana – proving the opposite of the property-bearer bearer itself
Dharmiviśeṣaviparītasādhana – proving the opposite of a specific feature of the property bearer
अनन्वय (ananvaya) – pseudo-example without positive concomitance
अनुपलब्द्धि (anupalabdhi-non-perception / non availability)
अनुपलब्धिहेतु (anupalabdhihetu)- reason of non-perception
अनुमान (anumāna) – inference of a fact or circumstances
अनुमानविरुद्धः (anumānaviruddha) – contradicted by inference
अनुमानाभासः(anumānābhāsa) – pseudo-inference
अनुमेय (anumeya) – inferendum
अनैकान्तिकः(anaikāntika) – inconclusive (reason)
अन्यत्रासिद्धम् (anyatrāsiddha) – reason unestablished for either (the proponent or the opponent)
अन्वय (anvaya) – positive concomitance
अप्रसिद्धविशेषण (aprasiddhaviśeṣaṇa) – (pseudo-thesis) with unrecognized qualifier
अप्रसिद्धविशेष्य (aprasiddhaviśeṣya) – (pseudo-thesis) with unrecognized qualificand
अप्रसिद्धोभय (aprasiddhobhaya) – (pseudo-thesis) with both (qualifier and qualificad) unrecognized
अवयवः (avayava) (प्रयोगः-prayoga) – Member (of a proof)
अविनाभाव (avinābhāva) – Occurrence (of the reason) not without (the inferendum)
अव्यतिरेकः (avyatireka) – without negative concomitance
असाधारण (asādhāraṇa) – unique
असिद्धः (asiddha) – unestablished
आगमविरुद्ध (āgamaviruddha) – contradicted by scripture
आश्रयासिद्दः (āśrayāsiddha) – having an unestablished basis
उपलब्धिलक्षणप्राप्ति (upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāpti) – fulfilment of (all) conditions for a perception
उभयपक्षैकदेशवृत्ति (ubhayapakṣaikadeśavṛtti) – inconclusive reason which occurs in some similar and some dissimilar instances
उभयाव्यावृत्त (ubhayāvyāvṛtta) – with both (proving and proved property) not being excluded
उभयासिद्ध (दृष्टान्त) (ubhayāsiddha (dṛṣṭānta)) – (an example in which) both reason and property to be proven are unestablished
उभयासिद्ध (हेतु) (ubhayāsiddha hetu) – (a reason that is) unestablished for both (proponent and opponent)
कारणविरुद्धकार्योपलब्धि (kāraṇaviruddhakāryopalabdhi) – perception of an effect of what is incompatible with a cause
कारणविरुद्धव्याप्तोपलब्धि (kāraṇaviruddhavyāptopalabdhi) – perception of what is pervaded by what is incompatible with a cause
कारणानुपलब्धि (kāraṇānupalabdhi) – non-perception of a cause
कार्यविरुद्धकार्योपलब्धि (kāryaviruddhakāryopalabdhi) – perception of an effect of what is incompatible with an effect
कार्यविरुद्धव्याप्तोपलब्धि (kāryaviruddhavyāptopalabdhi) – perception of what is pervaded by what is incompatible with an effect
कार्यविरुद्धोपलब्धि (kāryaviruddhopalabdhi) – perception of what is incompatible with an effect
कार्यहेतु (kāryahetu) – Reason of effect
कार्यानुपलब्धि (kāryānupalabdhi) – Non-perception of an effect
त्रैरूप्य (trairūpya) – three characteristics
दूषणःdūṣaṇa – means of refutation
दूषणाभासःdūṣaṇābhāsa – pseudo-means of refutation
दृष्टान्तः dṛṣṭānta – example
दृष्टान्तदोषःdṛṣṭāntadoṣa – fallacy of the example
दृष्टान्ताभासःdṛṣṭāntābhāsa – pseudo-example
धरविशेषविपरीतसाधना (dharmaviśeṣaviparītasādhana) – establishing the opposite of a specific (feature) of the property (to be proven)
धर्म (dharma) – property
धर्मस्वरूपविपरीतसाधना (dharmasvarūpaviparītasādhana) – establishing the opposite of the property (to be proven) itself
धार्मिन् dharmin – property bearer
निग्रहस्थान (nigrahasthāna) – point of defeat
पक्ष (धर्मिन्) (pakṣa dharmin) – logical subject
पक्ष (प्रतिज्ञा) (pakṣa (pratijñā)) – thesis
पक्षदोष (pakṣadoṣa) – fallacy of the thesis
पक्षधर्मता (pakṣadharmatā) – (a reason’s) being a property of the logical subject
पक्षाभास (pakṣābhāsa) – pseudo-thesis
परार्थानुमान (parārthānumāna) – inference for another
प्रतिज्ञा (pratijñā) – thesis
प्रतिज्ञाविरोध (pratijñāvirodha) – contradiction of the thesis
प्रतिज्ञाहानि (pratijñāhāni) – violation of the thesis
प्रत्यक्ष (pratyakṣa) – perception
प्रत्यक्षविरुद्ध (pratyakṣaviruddha) – contradicted by perception
प्रत्यक्षाभास (pratyakṣābhāsa) – pseudo-perception
प्रमाण (pramāṇa) – means of valid cognition
प्रमाणफल (pramāṇaphala) – result of a means of valid cognition
प्रसिद्धसम्बन्ध (prasiddhasambandha) – (pseudo-thesis) with a(n already) known connection
लिङ्ग (liṅga) – (inferential) mark
लोकविरुद्ध (lokaviruddha) – contradicted by worldly usage
विपक्ष (vipakṣa) – dissimilar instance
विपक्षैकदेशवृत्तिः सपक्षव्यापी (vipakṣaikadeśavṛttiḥ sapakṣavyāpī) – occurring in a part of what is dissimilar to the logical subject and pervasively present in what is similar to it
विपरीतव्यतिरेक (viparītavyatireka) – with reverse negative concomitance
विपरीतान्वय (viparītānvaya) – pseudo-example with reversed positive concomitance
विरुद्ध (viruddha) – contradictory
विरुद्धाव्यभिचारिन् (viruddhāvyabhicārin) – non-deviating (and establishing two) contradictory (properties)
वैधर्म्यदृष्टान्त (vaidharmyadṛṣṭānta) – example by dissimilarity
वैधर्म्यवत् परार्थानुमानम् (vaidharmyavat parārthānumānam) – inference for another having dissimilarity
वैधर्म्येण दृष्टान्ताभासः (vaidharmyeṇa dṛṣṭāntābhāsaḥ) – pseudo-example through dissimilarity
व्यतिरेक (vyatireka) – negative concomitence
व्यापकविरुद्धकार्योपलब्धि (vyāpakaviruddhakāryopalabdhi) – perception of an effect of what is incompatible with a pervader
व्यापकविरुद्धव्याप्तोपलब्धि (vyāpakaviruddhavyāptopalabdhi) – perception of what is pervaded by what is incompatible with a pervader
व्यापकविरुद्धोपलब्धि (vyāpakaviruddhopalabdhi) – perception of what is incompatible with a pervader
व्यापकानुपलब्धि (vyāpakānupalabdhi) – Non-perception of a pervading (property)
सन्दिग्धासिद्ध (sandigdhāsiddha) – (a reason that is) unestablished on account of being doubtful
सपक्ष (sapakṣa) – similar instance
सपक्ष (sapakṣa) – what is similar to the logical subject
सपक्षैकदेशवृत्तिर् विपक्षव्यापी (sapakṣaikadeśavṛttir vipakṣavyāpī) – occurring in a part of what is similar to the logical subject and pervasively present in what is dissimilar to the logical subject
साधन (sādhana) – proof
साधनदोष (sādhanadoṣa) – fallacy of the proof
साधनधर्मासिद्ध (sādhanadharmāsiddha) – pseudo-example in which the proving property is unestablished
साधनाभास (sādhanābhāsa) – pseudo-proof
साधनाव्यावृत्त (sādhanāvyāvṛtta) – pseudo-example which is not excluded from the proving property
साधर्म्यदृष्टान्त (sādharmyadṛṣṭānta) – example by similarity
साधर्म्यवत् परार्थानुमानम् (sādharmyavat parārthānumānam) – inference for another having similarity
साधर्म्येण दृष्टान्ताभासः (sādharmyeṇa dṛṣṭāntābhāsaḥ) – pseudo-example through similarity
साधारण (sādhāraṇa) – common
साध्यधर्मासिद्ध (sādhyadharmāsiddha) – pseudo-example in which the property to be proven is unestablished
साध्याव्यावृत्त (sādhyāvyāvṛtta) – from which (the property) to be proven is not excluded
स्वभावप्रतिबन्ध (svabhāvapratibandha) – essential connection
स्वभावविरुद्धकार्योपलब्धि (svabhāvaviruddhakāryopalabdhi) – perception of an effect of what is incompatible with the own-being
स्वभावविरुद्धव्याप्तोपलब्धि (svabhāvaviruddhavyāptopalabdhi) – perception of what is pervaded by what is incompatible with the own-being
स्वभावविरुद्धोपलब्धि (svabhāvaviruddhopalabdhi) – perception of what is incompatible with the own-being (of the negated object)
स्वभावहेतु (svabhāvahetu) – Reason of essential property
स्वभावानुपलब्धि (svabhāvānupalabdhi) – Non-perception of the own-being (of the negated object)
स्ववचनविरुद्ध (svavacanaviruddha) – contradicted by one’s own words
स्वार्थानुमान (svārthānumāna) – inference for oneself
हेतुः hetu – reason
हेतुदोषः hetudoṣa – fallacy of the reason
हेत्वाभास: hetvābhāsa – pseudo-reason