List of the United Nations Member States

Asia Europe Africa Australia Middle East America (N) AmericaAmericas Christophorus Columbus landed in the Bahamas island in October 1492 and then in Cuba. Columbus and his gang imported European Diseases to the New World (the name given by Amerigo Vespucci, in his forged letters, who never visited the land of Adivasis). They murdered the Indigenous population (Adivasis). In 1507 the word 'America' was possibly first used to denote the land of Adivasis (North America and South America). America was 'Great' before 1492 under the hands of Adivasis. In Purans the land is mentioned as Patal Lok. (S)

194 UN Member States

194 United NationsUNO The main bodies of the United Nations are the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Economic and Social Council, the Trusteeship Council, the International Court of Justice, and the UN Secretariat. All were established under the UN Charter when the Organization was founded in 1945. It has 193 members. member states with their capitals (current as of 2025):

1. Afghanistan (Kabul)
2. Albania (Tirana)
3. Algeria (Algiers)
4. Andorra (Andorra la Vella)
5. Angola (Luanda)
6. Antigua and Barbuda (Saint John’s)
7. Argentina (Buenos Aires)
8. ArmeniaArmenia Armenia, the first state to adopt Christianity, has a long history of being under various empires. It declared independence in 1918 but was later conquered by the Soviet Red Army. The Nagorno-Karabakh region has been a point of conflict with Azerbaijan, resulting in a 1994 cease-fire. In 2020, a second military conflict occurred, with Armenia losing control over much of the territory. Turkey's border closure has left Armenia isolated, and efforts to normalize relations have been unsuccessful. Armenia joined the Eurasian Economic Union in 2015 and signed a partnership agreement with the EU in 2017. In 2023, Azerbaijan took military action to regain control over Nagorno-Karabakh, leading to the mass exodus of ethnic Armenians to Armenia. (Yerevan)
9. Australia (Canberra)
10. Austria (Vienna)
11. AzerbaijanAzerbaijan A majority-Turkic and Shia Muslim nation, experienced brief independence from 1918 to 1920 before being part of the Soviet Union for seven decades. Conflict with Armenia over the Nagorno-Karabakh region began in 1988 and escalated after independence in 1991. A ceasefire in 1994 saw Armenian-controlled Nagorno-Karabakh. In 2020, Azerbaijan initiated a sustained conflict resulting in gains. In 2023, Azerbaijan regained the remainder of Nagorno-Karabakh, causing the majority of its Armenian population to flee to Armenia. Despite progress in reducing poverty and developing infrastructure, Azerbaijan faces corruption and accusations of authoritarianism under the continued leadership of the ALIYEV family. (Baku)
12. Bahamas (Nassau)
13. Bahrain (Manama)
14. BangladeshBangladesh Constitution of Bangladesh ∫  বরিশাল বিভাগ > বরগুনা ২. বরিশাল ৩. ভোলা ৫. পটুয়াখালী ৬. পিরোজপুর | চট্রগ্রাম বিভাগ> ১. বান্দরবান ২. ব্রাক্ষ্মণবাড়িয়া ৩. চাঁদপুর ৪. চট্রগ্রাম ৫. কুমিল্লা ৬. কক্সবাজার ৭. ফেনী ৮. খাগড়াছড়ি ৯. লক্ষ্মীপুর ১০. নোয়াখালী ১১. রাঙ্গামাটি | ঢাকা বিভাগ > ১. ঢাকা  ২. ফরিদপুর ৩. গাজীপুর ৪. গোপালগঞ্জ ৫. কিশোরগঞ্জ ৬. মাদারীপুর ৭. মানিকগঞ্জ ৮. মুন্সীগঞ্জ ৯. নারায়নগঞ্জ ১০. নরসিংদী ১১. রাজবাড়ী ১২. শরিয়তপুর ১৩. টাঙ্গাইল | খুলনা বিভাগ > ১. বাগেরহাট ২. চুয়াডাঙ্গা ৩. যশোর ৪. ঝিনাইদহ ৫. খুলনা ৬. কুষ্টিয়া ৭. মাগুরা ৮. মেহেরপুর ৯. নড়াইল ১০. সাতক্ষীরা | রাজশাহী বিভাগ > ১. বগুড়া  ২. চাঁপাই নবাবগঞ্জ ৩. জয়পুরহাট ৪. পাবনা ৫. নওগাঁ ৬. নাটোর ৭. রাজশাহী ৮. সিরাজগঞ্জ | রংপুর বিভাগ > ১. দিনাজপুর ২. গাইবান্ধা ৩. কুড়িগ্রাম ৪. লালমনিরহাট ৫. নীলফামারী ৬. পঞ্চগড় ৭. রংপুর৮. ঠাকুরগাঁও | সিলেট বিভাগ > ১. হবিগঞ্জ  ২. মৌলভীবাজার  ৩. সুনামগঞ্জ ৪. সিলেট | ময়মনসিংহ বিভাগ > ১. ময়মনসিংহ ২. শেরপুর ৩. জামালপুর ৪. নেত্রকোণা |   (Dhaka)
15. Barbados (Bridgetown)
16. Belarus (Minsk)
17. Belgium (Brussels)
18. Belize (Belmopan)
19. Benin (Porto-Novo)
20. Bhutan (Thimphu)
21. Bolivia (Sucre)
22. Bosnia and Herzegovina (Sarajevo)
23. Botswana (Gaborone)
24. Brazil (Brasília)
25. Brunei (Bandar Seri Begawan)
26. Bulgaria (Sofia)
27. Burkina Faso (Ouagadougou)
28. Burundi (Gitega)
29. Cabo Verde (Praia)
30. Cambodia (Phnom Penh)
31. Cameroon (Yaoundé)
32. Canada (Ottawa)
33. Central African RepublicRepublic Res publica> Δημοκρατίας. Having a head of the state. Pope is the head of the Vatican City state. The people execute their power through an Elected (direct/indirect) President. Political parties sponsored their presidential candidates. Indian president is a constitutional puppet under the ruling Cabinet. In the case of the appointment of  Indian judges, presidential power is a vanishing point. (Bangui)
34. Chad (N’Djamena)
35. Chile (Santiago)
36. China (Beijing)
37. Colombia (Bogotá)
38. Comoros (Moroni)
39. Congo, Republic of the (Brazzaville)
40. Congo, DemocraticDemocracy It is commonly understood as being a political system of majority rule. The evolution of democratic tradition can be traced back to the Magna Carta (1215) and through the long struggle for Parliamentary supremacy which culminated in the English Bill of Rights of 1689, the emergence of representative political institutions in the colonial era, the development of responsible government in the 19th century. In institutional terms, democracy means that each of the provincial legislatures and the federal Parliament is elected by popular vote. These legislatures, are "at the core of the system of representative government". It is a 'power' word. Power rests with the ordinary Citizens. Only educated people understand power. A corrupt or controlled court system can cover failure of it. The religious concept is incompatible with it. Promise to spend more from the public treasury moves to Dictatorship. Republic of the (Kinshasa)
41. Costa Rica (San José)
42. Côte d’Ivoire (Yamoussoukro)
43. Croatia (Zagreb)
44. Cuba (Havana)
45. CyprusCyprus Language Greek. Total area is 9,240 Km2. Cities: Nicosia, Limassol, Larnaca, Famagusta, Paphos, Kyrenia, Protaras. (Nicosia)
46. Czech Republic (Prague)
47. DenmarkDenmark In 1848, absolute monarchy was abolished, and Denmark obtained its first Constitution and its first Government. Read More (Copenhagen)
48. Djibouti (Djibouti)
49. Dominica (Roseau)
50. Dominican Republic (Santo Domingo)
51. Ecuador (Quito)
52. Egypt (Cairo)
53. El Salvador (San Salvador)
54. Equatorial Guinea (Malabo)
55. Eritrea (Asmara)
56. Estonia (Tallinn)
57. Eswatini (Mbabane)
58. EthiopiaEthiopia Language: Afro-Asiatic (Geez/ ግዕዝ- used only for Liturgical purposes of Tewahedo Church > ቤተ ክርስትያን beet krstyan) Tigrinya and  Amharic official Language (script name Fidäl read left to right). Christianity arrived in 380 CE. (Addis Ababa)
59. FijiFiji It, an island nation in the South Pacific, experienced profound cultural changes with the arrival of Europeans in the 17th century and later British colonisation in the 19th century, which repressed or reshaped many indigenous traditions to consolidate control. Its capital and largest city is Suva, and the country recognises Fijian, English, and Fiji Hindi as official languages, with Rotuman holding regional status. The population of about 926,000 (2018) is ethnically diverse, comprising 56.8% Indigenous Fijians, 37.5% Indo-Fijians, 1.2% Rotumans, and 4.5% others. Religiously, Christianity dominates, alongside significant Hindu and Muslim communities. Fiji became independent from Britain on 10 October 1970, later declaring a republic in 1987. Today it is a unitary parliamentary republic. Covering 18,274 km², it has a developing economy with a GDP (PPP) of $15.15 billion in 2023, and an HDI of 0.729, reflecting high human development. (Suva)
60. Finland (Helsinki)
61. France (Paris)
62. Gabon (Libreville)
63. Gambia (Banjul)
64. Georgia (Tbilisi)
65. Germany (Berlin)
66. Ghana (Accra)
67. GreeceGreece 86 BCE: Roman general Sulla sacks Athens and the port of Piraeus. 31 BCE It was absorbed into Roman Empire. Cities > Athens Thessaloniki Patra Piraeus Larisa Peristeri Irakleion Kallithea Acharnes Kalamaria Nikaia Glyfada Volos Ilion Ilioupoli Keratsini Khalandrion Nea Smyrni Marousi Agios Dimitrios Zografos Aigaleo Nea Ionia Ioannina Palaio Faliro Korydallos Trikala Vyronas Agia Paraskevi Galatsi Chalkida Petroupolis Serres Rodos Kalamata Kavala Chania Katerini Alexandroupoli Lamia Irakleio Xanthi Kifisia Agrinio Chaidari Komotini Sykies Drama Veroia Alimos Polichni Kozani Agioi Anargyroi Argyroupoli Ano Liosia Karditsa Nea Ionia Rethymno Cholargos Vrilissia Aspropyrgos Korinthos Ptolemaida Gerakas Metamorfosi Voula Kamateron Mytilene Giannitsa Neapoli > Read Greek (Athens)
68. Grenada (St. George’s)
69. Guatemala (Guatemala City)
70. Guinea (Conakry)
71. Guinea-Bissau (Bissau)
72. Guyana (Georgetown)
73. Haiti (Port-au-Prince)
74. Honduras (Tegucigalpa)
75. Hungary (Budapest)
76. Iceland (Reykjavík)
77. IndiaIndia Hind/ hend >hindia. Bharat Varsha (Jambudvipa used in Mahavamsha) is the name of this land mass. The people of this land are Sanatan Dharmin and they always defeated invaders. Indra (10000 yrs) was the oldest deified King of this land. Manu's jurisprudence enlitened this land. Vedas have been the civilizational literature of this land. Guiding principles of this land are : सत्यं वद । धर्मं चर । स्वाध्यायान्मा प्रमदः । The place also been called Hindusthan in Pesia. The word Hendu is mentioned in Avesta. Read more (Bharat)(New DelhiNew Delhi Indraprastha, the capital of Emperor Yudhisthira and Pandavas constructed by Mayasura, where Rajasuya Yagna was performed under the guidance of Krishna Dvaipayana and the protection of  Vasudeva Krishna in the present-day Raja Ghat area. Prtvi Rajaj was the last Hindu king of Delhi.)
78. Indonesia (Jakarta)
79. IranIran Jomhuri-ye Islami-ye Īrān | Sanskrit Arya > Ayryanem> Constitution | Ostanha (provinces-31) : Shahrestan (Countries-429): Bakhsh (District-1057). Capital: Tehran | Official language: Persian/Farsi. Islamic Revolution in 1979. Ostanha Arabistan (Khuzestan) Astarabad (Gorgan) Damavand Gerrus (Bijar) Gilan Golpayegan Hamadan Iraq (Arak) Isfahan Kashan Khamseh (Zanjan) Kermanshahan (Kermanshah) Kurdistan Luristan Malayer Mazandaran Qazvin Qom Saveh Semnan and Damghan Shahrud and Bastam Yazd (Tehran)
80. Iraq (Baghdad)
81. Ireland (Dublin)
82. IsraelIsrael Modern State of Israel was established in 1948 after the UN proposed the partition of the British Mandate for Palestine into Arab and Jewish states. Wars with Arab neighbors followed, leading to Israel's control of various territories. In recent years, Israel has pursued peace agreements with Arab nations and faced conflict with groups like HAMAS. Former Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has had a notable influence on Israeli politics, including a return to office in 2022. Read more (Jerusalem)
83. Italy (Rome)
84. Jamaica (Kingston)
85. Japan (Tokyo)
86. Jordan (Amman)
87. Kazakhstan (Nur-Sultan / Astana)
88. Kenya (Nairobi)
89. Kiribati (Tarawa)
90. Korea, North (Pyongyang)
91. Korea, South (Seoul)
92. Kuwait (Kuwait City)
93. Kyrgyzstan (Bishkek)
94. Laos (Vientiane)
95. Latvia (Riga)
96. Lebanon (Beirut)
97. Lesotho (Maseru)
98. Liberia (Monrovia)
99. Libya (Tripoli)
100. Liechtenstein (Vaduz)
101. Lithuania (Vilnius)
102. Luxembourg (Luxembourg)
103. Madagascar (Antananarivo)
104. Malawi (Lilongwe)
105. Malaysia (Kuala Lumpur)
106. Maldives (Malé)
107. Mali (Bamako)
108. Malta (Valletta)
109. Marshall Islands (Majuro)
110. Mauritania (Nouakchott)
111. Mauritius (Port Louis)
112. Mexico (Mexico City)
113. Micronesia (Palikir)
114. Moldova (Chișinău)
115. Monaco (Monaco)
116. Mongolia (Ulaanbaatar)
117. Montenegro (Podgorica)
118. Morocco (Rabat)
119. Mozambique (Maputo)
120. Myanmar (Naypyidaw)
121. Namibia (Windhoek)
122. Nauru (Yaren DistrictDistrict India has 800 districts under 29 federal states and 8 union territories. Adilabad Agar-Malwa Agra Ahilyanagar Ahmedabad Aizawl Ajmer Akola Alappuzha Aligarh Alipurduar Alirajpur Alluri Sitharama Raju Almora Alwar Ambala Ambedkar Nagar Amethi Amravati Amreli Amritsar Amroha Anakapalli Anand Ananthapuramu Anantnag Anjaw Annamayya Anugul Anuppur Araria Ariyalur Arvalli Arwal Ashoknagar Auraiya Aurangabad Ayodhya Azamgarh Bagalkote Bageshwar Baghpat Bahraich Bajali Baksa Balaghat Balangir Baleshwar Ballari Ballia Balod Balodabazar-Bhatapara Balotra Balrampur Balrampur-Ramanujganj Banas Kantha Banda Bandipora Banka Bankura Banswara Bapatla Bara Banki Baramulla Baran Bareilly Bargarh Barmer Barnala Barpeta Barwani Bastar Basti Bathinda Beawar Beed Begusarai Belagavi Bemetara Bengaluru Rural Bengaluru Urban Betul Bhadohi Bhadradri Kothagudem Bhadrak Bhagalpur Bhandara Bharatpur Bharuch Bhavnagar Bhilwara Bhind Bhiwani Bhojpur Bhopal Bichom Bidar Bijapur Bijnor Bikaner Bilaspur Bilaspur Birbhum Bishnupur Biswanath Bokaro Bongaigaon Botad Boudh Budaun Budgam Bulandshahr Buldhana Bundi Burhanpur Buxar Cachar Central Chamarajanagar Chamba Chamoli Champawat Champhai Chandauli Chandel Chandigarh Chandrapur Changlang Charaideo Charkhi Dadri Chatra Chengalpattu Chennai Chhatarpur Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar Chhindwara Chhotaudepur Chikkaballapura Chikkamagaluru Chirang Chitradurga Chitrakoot Chittoor Chittorgarh Chumoukedima Churachandpur Churu Coimbatore Cooch Behar Cuddalore Cuttack Dadra And Nagar Haveli Dahod Dakshin Bastar Dantewada Dakshin Dinajpur Dakshina Kannada Dhenkanal Dholpur Dhubri Dhule Dibang Valley Dibrugarh Didwana-Kuchaman Dima Hasao Dimapur Dindigul Dindori Diu Doda Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Konaseema Dumka Dungarpur Durg East East Garo Hills East Godavari East Jaintia Hills East Kameng East Khasi Hills East Siang East Singhbum Eastern West Khasi Hills Eluru Ernakulam Erode Etah Etawah Faridabad Faridkot Farrukhabad Fatehabad Fatehgarh Sahib Fatehpur Fazilka Ferozepur Firozabad Gadag Gadchiroli Gajapati Ganderbal Gandhinagar Ganganagar Gangtok Ganjam Garhwa Gariyaband Gaurela-Pendra-Marwahi Gautam Buddha Nagar Gaya Ghaziabad Ghazipur Gir Somnath Giridih Goalpara Godda Golaghat Gomati Gonda Gondia Gopalganj Gorakhpur Gumla Guna Guntur Gurdaspur Gurugram Gwalior Gyalshing Hailakandi Hamirpur Hamirpur Hanumakonda Hanumangarh Hapur Harda Hardoi Haridwar Hassan Hathras Haveri Hazaribagh Hingoli Hisar Hnahthial Hojai Hooghly Hoshiarpur Howrah Hyderabad Idukki Imphal East Imphal West Indore Jabalpur Jagatsinghapur Jagitial Jaipur Jaisalmer Jajapur Jalandhar Jalaun Jalgaon Jalna Jalore Jalpaiguri Jammu Jamnagar Jamtara Jamui Jangoan Janjgir-Champa Jashpur Jaunpur Jayashankar Bhupalapally Jehanabad Jhabua Jhajjar Jhalawar Jhansi Jhargram Jharsuguda Jhunjhunu Jind Jiribam Jodhpur Jogulamba Gadwal Jorhat Junagadh Kabeerdham Kachchh Kaimur (Bhabua) Kaithal Kakching Kakinada Kalaburagi Kalahandi Kalimpong Kallakurichi Kamareddy Kamjong Kamle Kamrup Kamrup Metro Kancheepuram Kandhamal Kangpokpi Kangra Kannauj Kanniyakumari Kannur Kanpur Dehat Kanpur Nagar Kapurthala Karaikal Karauli Karbi Anglong Kargil Karimganj Karimnagar Karnal Karur Kasaragod Kasganj Kathua Daman Damoh Dangs Darbhanga Darjeeling Darrang Datia Dausa Davanagere Deeg Dehradun Deogarh Deoghar Deoria Devbhumi Dwarka Dewas Dhalai Dhamtari Dhanbad Dhar Dharashiv Dharmapuri Dharwad Dhemaji Katihar Katni Kaushambi Kendrapara Kendujhar Keyi Panyor Khagaria Khairagarh-Chhuikhadan-Gandai Khairthal-Tijara Khammam Khandwa (East Nimar) Khargone (West Nimar) Khawzawl Kheda Kheri Khordha Khowai Khunti Kinnaur Kiphire Kishanganj Kishtwar Kodagu Koderma Kohima Kokrajhar Kolar Kolasib Kolhapur Kolkata Kollam Kondagaon Koppal Koraput Korba Korea Kota Kotputli-Behror Kottayam Kozhikode Kra Daadi Krishna Krishnagiri Kulgam Kullu Kumuram Bheem Asifabad Kupwara Kurnool Kurukshetra Kurung Kumey Kushinagar Lahaul And Spiti Lakhimpur Lakhisarai Lakshadweep District Lalitpur Latehar Latur Lawngtlai Leh Ladakh Leparada Lohardaga Lohit Longding Longleng Lower Dibang Valley Lower Siang Lower Subansiri Lucknow Ludhiana Lunglei MAUGANJ Madhepura Madhubani Madurai Mahabubabad Mahabubnagar Mahasamund Mahendragarh Mahesana Mahisagar Mahoba Mahrajganj Maihar Mainpuri Majuli Malappuram Malda Malerkotla Malkangiri Mamit Mancherial Mandi Mandla Mandsaur Mandya Munger Murshidabad Muzaffarnagar Muzaffarpur Mysuru Nabarangpur Nadia Nagaon Nagapattinam Nagarkurnool Nagaur Nagpur Nainital Nalanda Nalbari Nalgonda Namakkal Namchi Namsai Nanded Nandurbar Nandyal Narayanpet Narayanpur Manendragarh-Chirmiri-Bharatpur(M C B) Mangan Mansa Marigaon Mathura Mau Mayiladuthurai Mayurbhanj Medak Medchal Malkajgiri Meerut Meluri Mirzapur Moga Mohla-Manpur-Ambagarh Chouki Mokokchung Mon Moradabad Morbi Morena Mulugu Mumbai Mumbai Suburban Mungeli Narmada Narmadapuram Narsimhapur Nashik Navsari Nawada Nayagarh Neemuch New Delhi Nicobars Nirmal Niuland Niwari Nizamabad Noklak Noney North North 24 Parganas North And Middle Andaman North East North Garo Hills North Goa North Tripura North West Ntr Nuapada Nuh Pakke Kessang Pakur Pakyong Palakkad Palamu Palghar Pali Palnadu Palwal Panch Mahals Panchkula Pandhurna Panipat Panna Papum Pare Parbhani Parvathipuram Manyam Paschim Bardhaman Paschim Medinipur Pashchim Champaran Patan Pathanamthitta Pathankot Patiala Patna Pauri Garhwal Peddapalli Perambalur Peren Phalodi Phek Pherzawl Pilibhit Pithoragarh Poonch Porbandar Prakasam Pratapgarh Pratapgarh Prayagraj Puducherry Pudukkottai Pulwama Pune Purba Bardhaman Ranipet Ratlam Ratnagiri Rayagada Reasi Rewa Rewari Ri Bhoi Rohtak Rohtas Rudraprayag Rupnagar S.A.S Nagar Sabar Kantha Sagar Saharanpur Saharsa Sahebganj Saitual Sakti Salem Salumbar Samastipur Samba Purba Medinipur Purbi Champaran Puri Purnia Purulia Rae Bareli Raichur Raigad Raigarh Raipur Raisen Rajanna Sircilla Rajgarh Rajkot Rajnandgaon Rajouri Rajsamand Ramanagara Ramanathapuram Ramban Ramgarh Rampur Ranchi Ranga Reddy Sambalpur Sambhal Sangareddy Sangli Sangrur Sant Kabir Nagar Saraikela Kharsawan Saran Sarangarh-Bilaigarh Satara Satna Sawai Madhopur Sehore Senapati Seoni Sepahijala Serchhip Shahdara Shahdol Shahid Bhagat Singh Nagar Shahjahanpur Shajapur Shamator Shamli Sheikhpura Sheohar Sheopur Shi Yomi Shimla Shivamogga Shivpuri Shopian Shrawasti Siaha Siang Siddharthnagar Siddipet Sidhi Sikar Simdega Sindhudurg Singrauli Sirmaur Sirohi Sirsa Sitamarhi Sitapur Sivaganga Sivasagar Siwan Solan Solapur Sonbhadra Sonepur Sonipat Sonitpur Soreng South South 24 Parganas South Andamans South East South Garo Hills South Goa South Salmara Mancachar South Tripura South West South West Garo Hills South West Khasi Hills Sri Muktsar Sahib Sri Potti Sriramulu Nellore Sri Sathya Sai Srikakulam Srinagar Sukma Sultanpur Sundargarh Supaul Surajpur Surat Surendranagar Surguja Suryapet Tamenglong Tamulpur Tapi Tarn Taran Tawang Tehri Garhwal Tengnoupal Tenkasi Thane Thanjavur The Nilgiris Theni Thiruvallur Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvarur Thoothukkudi Thoubal Thrissur Tikamgarh Tinsukia Tirap Tiruchirappalli Tirunelveli Tirupathur Tirupati Tiruppur Tiruvannamalai Tonk Tseminyu Tuensang Tumakuru Udaipur Udalguri Udham Singh Nagar Udhampur Udupi Ujjain Ukhrul Warangal Wardha Washim Wayanad West West Garo Hills West Godavari West Jaintia Hills West Kameng West Karbi Anglong West Khasi Hills West Siang West Singhbhum West Tripura Wokha Y.S.R. Yadadri Bhuvanagiri Yadgir Yamunanagar Yavatmal Zunheboto Umaria Una Unakoti Unnao Upper Siang Upper Subansiri Uttar Bastar Kanker Uttar Dinajpur Uttara Kannada Uttarkashi Vadodara Vaishali Valsad Varanasi Vellore Vidisha Vijayanagara Vijayapura Vikarabad Viluppuram Virudhunagar Visakhapatnam Vizianagaram Wanaparthy)
123. NepalNepal Aryavarta Region (Population 30,896,590) > Nepal (area-143,350 Km2 )became a constitutional monarchy in 1990. In 2007, the Interim Constitution of Nepal stripped the King of all powers, marking a pivotal moment in the country's transition to a republican system. 7 Provinces > Koshi Province, Madhesh Province, Bagmati Province, Gandaki Province, Lumbini Province, Karnali Province, Sudurpashchim Province. Cities > Pokhara Patan Biratnagar Birganj Dharan Bharatpur Janakpur Dhangadhi Butwal Mahendranagar Hetauda Madhyapur Thimi Triyuga Inaruwa Nepalgunj Siddharthanagar Gulariya Titahari Panauti Tikapur Kirtipur Tulsipur Rajbiraj Lahan Birendranagar Panauti Gaur Siraha Tansen Jaleshwar Dipayal Baglung Khanbari Dhankuta Walin Dailekh Malangawa Bhadrapur Dadeldhura Darchula Ilam Banepa Dhulikhel (Kathmandu)
124. NetherlandsNetherlands Netherlands (Holland) Dutch people, provinces are: Zeeland Noord-Brabant (North Brabant) Utrecht Flevoland Friesland Groningen Drenthe Overijssel Gelderland Limburg (Amsterdam)
125. New Zealand (Wellington)
126. Nicaragua (Managua)
127. Niger (Niamey)
128. Nigeria (Abuja)
129. North Macedonia (Skopje)
130. Norway (Oslo)
131. Oman (Muscat)
132. PakistanPakistan Arya Varta Region > Main Cities:  Karachi Lahore Faisalabad Rawalpindi Multan Hyderabad Gujranwala Peshawar Rahim Yar Khan Quetta Muzaffarabad Battagram Kotli Islamabad Bahawalpur Sargodha Sialkot Sukkur Larkana Shekhupura Bhimbar Jhang Sadr Gujrat Mardan Malir Cantonment Kasur Mingora Dera Ghazi Khan Sahiwal Nawabshah Okara Mirpur Khas Chiniot Shahkot Kamoke Saddiqabad Burewala Jacobabad Muzaffargarh Muridke Jhelum Shikarpur Hafizabad Kohat Khanpur Khuzdar Dadu Gojra Mandi Bahauddin Tando Allahyar Daska Kalan Pakpattan Bahawalnagar Bahawalnagar Tando Adam Khairpur Mir's Chishtian Abbottabad Jaranwala Ahmadpur East Vihari Kamalia Kot Addu Khushab Wazirabad Dera Ismail Khan Chakwal Swabi Lodhran (Islamabad)
133. Palau (Ngerulmud)
134. Panama (Panama City)
135. Papua New Guinea (Port Moresby)
136. Paraguay (Asunción)
137. PeruPeru Spanish arrived in Peru in 1531 when the country was the center of the Inca Empire with Cuzco as its capital. Francisco Pizarro captured Cuzco in 1533 and established Spanish control in 1542. He founded Lima in 1535 as the colonial capital. Peru gained independence in 1821 under José de San Martín, with final liberation in 1824. After independence, Peru faced territorial disputes, including losses to Chile in the War of the Pacific (1879-83) and conflicts with Ecuador in 1998. (Lima)
138. Philippines (Manila)
139. Poland (Warsaw)
140. Portugal (Lisbon)
141. Qatar (Doha)
142. Romania (Bucharest)
143. Russia (Moscow)
144. Rwanda (Kigali)
145. Saint Kitts and Nevis (Basseterre)
146. Saint Lucia (Castries)
147. Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (Kingstown)
148. Samoa (Apia)
149. San Marino (San Marino)
150. São Tomé and Príncipe (São Tomé)
151. Saudi Arabia (Riyadh)
152. Senegal (Dakar)
153. Serbia (Belgrade)
154. Seychelles (Victoria)
155. Sierra Leone (Freetown)
156. Singapore (Singapore)
157. Slovakia (Bratislava)
158. Slovenia (Ljubljana)
159. Solomon Islands (Honiara)
160. Somalia (Mogadishu)
161. South AfricaAfrica Eastern Africa Burundi Comoros Djibouti Eritrea Ethiopia Kenya Madagascar Malawi Mauritius Mayotte Mozambique Réunion Rwanda Seychelles Somalia South Sudan Tanzania Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Middle Africa Angola Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Equatorial Guinea Gabon São Tomé e Príncipe Northern Africa Algeria Egypt Libya Morocco Sudan Tunisia Western Sahara Southern Africa Botswana Eswatini Lesotho Namibia South Africa Western Africa Benin Burkina Faso Cape Verde Islands Côte d’Ivoire Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Liberia Mali Mauritania Niger Nigeria Saint Helena Senegal Sierra Leone Togo (Pretoria / Bloemfontein / Cape Town)
162. South Sudan (Juba)
163. Spain (Madrid)
164. Sri LankaSri Lanka Buddhism arrived from India in the 3rd century BCE (Bhikkhu Mahinda) at the time of Sinhalese monarch Devanampiyatissa of Mihintale. The British East India Company established control of the island in 1796, declaring it a crown colony in 1802. HISTORY: Ramayana, Mahabharata, Mahavamsa (Pali) (Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte)
165. Sudan (Khartoum)
166. Suriname (Paramaribo)
167. Sweden (Stockholm)
168. Switzerland (Bern)
169. SyriaSyria Arab conquest the area (Damascus) around 634–638 CE ( Islamic Rashidun Caliphate) from Roman Byzantine Empire (Byzantium ca. 330–1453) (Damascus)
170. Tajikistan (Dushanbe)
171. Tanzania (Dodoma)
172. ThailandThailand It is the only Southeast Asian nation never colonised, has been shaped by Buddhism, the monarchy, and the military. Evidence of continuous human habitation dates back to 20,000 BC, with rice cultivation beginning around 2000 BC, laying the foundations of its agrarian society. Since 1947, the military has ruled for most of the period, seizing power 12 times since the end of absolute monarchy in 1932, with only brief democratic intervals. Politics since 2001 have centred on the divide over Thaksin Shinawatra, ousted in a 2006 coup, while military-backed governments persisted after the 2014 takeover until opposition parties won a resounding victory in 2023. Thailand remains a constitutional monarchy under King Maha Vajiralongkorn, who succeeded King Bhumibol in 2016. Its history spans the Sukhothai, Ayutthaya and Rattanakosin kingdoms, Japanese occupation, the Vietnam War, and the 1997 financial crisis. (Bangkok)
173. Timor-Leste (Dili)
174. TogoTogo Togolese Republic, is a West African nation bordered by Ghana, Burkina Faso, Benin, and the Gulf of Guinea, with an estimated population of 4.97 million in 2003 made up of about 21 ethnic groups including the Ewe, Mina, Kabye, Cotocoli, and Moba. Its people practice a mix of religions—approximately 47.1% Christian, 33% Animist, 13.7% Muslim, and 6.1% other. Europeans once called the region the "Slave Coast" due to its role in the Atlantic slave trade, and in 1884 Germany established a protectorate through a treaty signed at Togoville, later making Togoland its “model colony” for being self-supporting. In 1914, during World War I, the territory was invaded by French and British forces and quickly fell, eventually leading to its division, with French Togoland evolving into modern Togo. The country gained independence on April 27, 1960, from a French-administered UN trusteeship and is governed as a republic under a 1992 constitution. (Lomé)
175. Tonga (Nukuʻalofa)
176. Trinidad and Tobago (Port of Spain)
177. Tunisia (Tunis)
178. TurkeyTürkiye Republic of Turkiye (Τουρκία> Asia/Europe) changed its official name from The Republic of Turkey on 26 May 2022. Old Name: Anatolia (Anadolu). Turkish republic ( Muslim majority), founded in 1923 after the abolition of the Ottoman Empire. City: Ankara, Istanbul. Bursa. Constitution. (Ankara)
179. Turkmenistan (Ashgabat)
180. Tuvalu (Funafuti)
181. Uganda (Kampala)
182. Ukraine (Kyiv)
183. United Arab Emirates (Abu Dhabi)
184. United Kingdom (UKUK England has existed as a unified entity since the 10th century; the union between England and Wales, begun in 1284 with the Statute of Rhuddlan, was not formalized until 1536 with an Act of Union; in another Act of Union in 1707, England and Scotland agreed to permanently join as Great Britain; the legislative union of Great Britain and Ireland was implemented in 1801, with the adoption of the name the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland; the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921 formalized a partition of Ireland; six northern Irish counties remained part of the United Kingdom as Northern Ireland and the current name of the country, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, was adopted in 1927. See England) (London)
185. United StatesUnited States Britain's American colonies broke with the mother country in 1776 and were recognized as the new nation of the United States of America following the Treaty of Paris in 1783. During the 19th and 20th centuries, 37 new states were added to the original 13 as the nation expanded across the North American continent and acquired a number of overseas possessions. The two most traumatic experiences in the nation's history were the Civil War (1861-65) and the Great Depression of the 1930s. Buoyed by victories in World Wars I and II and the end of the Cold War in 1991, the US remains the world's most powerful nation state. (U.S.) (Washington, D.C.)
186. Uruguay (Montevideo)
187. Uzbekistan (Tashkent)
188. Vanuatu (Port Vila)
189. Vatican CityVatican City but it took over fifty years for Rome to regain its former luste The city-state was established through the Lateran Treaty on 11th February 1929 as an independent territory headed by the Pope as monarch. He also represents the old-fashioned Catholic Church. Pope resided in the Lateran Palace during the Middle Ages, some buildings were built in the area near St. Peter's. In 1309 the papal court was moved to Avignon, St. Peter's and Rome were abandoned for over a century. The pope came back to Rome in 1377. In 1477, Pope Sixtus IV (1471-1492) commissioned the building of a great chapel, Sistina. The official building in honor of St. Peter was demolished in 1506, and a new office building was constructed in 1626, which covers an area of 15,160 square meters and has an internal length of 186 meters. (Holy SeeHoly See The universal government of the Catholic Church operates from Vatican City State, a sovereign, independent territory. The Pope is the ruler of both Vatican City State and the Holy See. The Holy See, as the supreme body of government of the Catholic Church, is a sovereign juridical entity under international law. The United States maintained consular relations with the Papal States from 1797 to 1870. From 1870 to 1984, the United States did not have diplomatic relations with the Holy See.)
190. Venezuela (Caracas)
191. Vietnam (Hanoi)
192. Yemen (Sana’a)
193. Zambia (Lusaka)
194. Zimbabwe (Harare)

• Akrotiri and Dhekelia

NATIONAL CONSTITUTIONS