AadhaarAadhaar A 12 digit individual identification number issued by the Unique Identification Authority of India on behalf of the Government of India. Aadhaar Enabled Services is services provided by an Authentication User Agency to Aadhaar Holder, using the Aadhaar Authentication Services of UIDAI. Aadhaar Seeding means linking Aadhaar holder’s Unique 12 digit AADHAAR number with their Personal Identification Documents or Benefit Cards. (Targeted Delivery of Financial and other subsidies, benefits and Services) Act, 2016
Administrative Tribunals Act, 1985
Anand Marriage Act, 1951
ArbitrationArbitration (ADR) A dispute settlement process whereby the parties agree to submit their differences to judges of their own choice and to abide by the decision of the judges. and ConciliationConciliation A non-binding dispute settling procedure by which a dispute is referred to a commission of persons who are empowered to examine the facts and make recommendations for settlement. Act, 1996
Benami Transactions (Prohibition) Act, 1988
Charitable Endowments Act, 1890
Chit FundsFund The term refers to assets of every kind, whether corporeal or incorporeal, tangible or intangible, movable or immovable, however acquired, and legal documents or instruments in any form, including electronic or digital, evidencing title to, or interest in, such assets. Act, 1982
Code of Civil Procedure, 1908
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973
CommercialCommercial Profit-making economic activities, such as the production, consumption, exchange, and distribution of goods and services, are primarily undertaken to earn money or a livelihood.
Key Features > (1) Involve sale and exchange of goods and services for consideration (money or value), (2) Aim to earn profit and ensure business growth, (3) Include risk-bearing and creation of utility, (4) Economic in nature and satisfy customer needs.
Commercial Activities > Earning profit, Business growth, Serving society, Achieving market leadership. Courts Act, 2015
Commissions for Protection of Child’s Rights Act, 2006
Commissions of Inquiry Act, 1952
Consumer Protection Act, 1986
Contempt of Courts Act, 1971
Delimitation Act, 2002
Dissolution of MuslimMuslim A community gathered around Muhammad (d. 632 CE) and confessed that Muhammad was the last of Prophets and he received Quran through Zibreel Farista from Allah. Hadith of Sahih Bukhari faithfully recorded the commands of Muhammad. He acknowledged the contribution of Jesus to the Abrahamic Religion. Muslim Sect: Sunni, Twelver Shia, Ismā‘īlī Shī‘ī, Ahmadi, Ibadi, Ḥanafi, Shafi‘ī, Maliki, Hanbali, Wahhabi, Salafi, Deobandi, Barelvī, and so many. Marriages Act, 1939
Disturbed Areas (Special Courts) Act, 1976
Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
Drugs and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act, 1954
Easements Act, 1891
ElectricityElectricity A means of transferring energy from one place to another, generally in a form that is more useful for converting energy into services such as lighting, heating or transport. The means of moving electricity is usually an electric circuit in which an electric charge is made to flow along a closed path, for example within a cable. Use of electricity by consumers to provide energy services does not create greenhouse gas emissions or air pollution at the point of use, although the generation of the electricity may do so. Act, 2003
Employees’ Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952
Employment of Manual Scavengers and Construction of Dry Latrines
(Prohibition) Act, 1993
Enemy Property Act, 1968
Energy Conservation Act, 2001
Family Courts Act, 1984
Fatal Accidents Act, 1855
Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
General Clauses Act, 1897
Governors (Emoluments, Allowances and Privileges) Act, 1982
Gram Nyayalayas Act, 2009
Guardians and Wards Act, 1890
HinduHindu הִנְדּוּאָה (hinĕḋẇʼáh), ινδουϊσμός: Hend (Hendu). The establishment of a satellite state of the Ghaznavid Empire (capital: Lahore) in the Punjab (first half of the 11th century) was known as Hindustan—a geographical name given by the Persians, who came to visit Bharatvarsha (हिन्दुस्तान). Asadi’s Garsasp-nama, expeditions to Hend and Sarandib (Sri Lanka) have been featured. Sanatan Dharma is the actual Dharmic tradition of the Hindus. People who live in Hindusthan are Hindu (The word is an original word), whether they follow Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, Mahavira, or Nanaka. In this way, Tribals are also Hindu. Indian sword (šamšir-e hendi in zaḵm-e hendi). Anbar-e hendi (India perfumes) by Farroki. Ebn Battuta (Toḥfat al-noẓẓār fi ḡarāʾeb al-amṣārwa ʿajāʾeb al-asfār: ca. 1330) first mentioned 'Hindu Kush.' Adoptions and Maintenance Act, 1956
Hindu Disposition of Property Act, 1916
Hindu Marriage ActHMA Hindu Marriage Act 1955. Conditions for a Hindu marriage (Sec-5). Void marriages (Sec-11) Restitution of conjugal rights (Sec-9). Judicial separation (Sec-10). Divorce ( Sec-13). Divorce by mutual consent (13-B). Maintenance pendente lite (Sec-24). Appeals (Sec-28). Custody of children (Sec-27). Disposal of property (Sec-27) Trial.Evidence. Family Court., 1955
Hindu Minority and Guardianship Act, 1956
Hindu Succession Act, 1956
Identification of Prisoners Act, 1920
Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986
IndianIndia Hind/ hend >hindia. Bharat Varsha (Jambudvipa used in Mahavamsha) is the name of this land mass. The people of this land are Sanatan Dharmin and they always defeated invaders. Indra (10000 yrs) was the oldest deified King of this land. Manu's jurisprudence enlitened this land. Vedas have been the civilizational literature of this land. Guiding principles of this land are : सत्यं वद । धर्मं चर । स्वाध्यायान्मा प्रमदः । The place also been called Hindusthan in Pesia. The word Hendu is mentioned in Avesta. Read more Boilers Act, 1923
Indian ChristianChristian A person who believes that Jesus died to remission his/her sin/debt. The People of Antioch were called for the first time as 'Christians', in or around 300 CE. Marriage Act, 1872
Indian ContractContract An agreement enforceable by law is a contract. All agreements are contracts if they are made by the free consent of parties competent to contract, for a lawful consideration and with a lawful object, and are not hereby expressly declared to be void. Indian Contract Act. Act, 1872
Indian Easements Act, 1882
Indian Evidence Act, 1872
Indian Forest Act, 1927
Indian Nursing Council Act, 1947
Indian Partnership Act, 1932
Indian Penal Code, 1860
Indian Stamp Act, 1899
Indian Succession Act, 1925
Indian TrustTrust It originated and was reduced to practice under the jurisdiction of courts by the civil law, was expanded and developed in the courts of chancery, and has been employed in nearly every field of human activity. The fundamental nature of a trust is the division of title, with the trustee being the holder of legal title and the beneficiary that of equitable title. By definition, the creation of a trust must involve a conveyance of property. > Trust Deed ∫ Having trust/faith/confidence in something Act, 1882
Indian Veterinary Council Act, 1984
Judges (Protection) Act, 1985
Judicial Officers Protection Act, 1850
Juvenile JusticeJustice δικαιοσύνη > judicature ( δικαιοσύνη) > judge (δικαστής / κριτής). The whole purpose of Plato`s Republic is to search for Justice. The purpose of Justice is to establish a perfect State. The State of happiness (ευτυχία) (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015
Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987
Limitation Act, 1963
Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007
Majority Act, 1875
Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971
Muslim Personal LawLaw νόμος: Positive command of sovereign or divine. One can be ruled either by a Statute, a Statue, or a Statement. Legislation is the rule-making process by a political or religious organisation. Physics governs natural law. Logical thinking is a sign of a healthy brain function. Dharma is eternal for Sanatanis. Judiciary > Show me the face, and I will show you the law. Some people know how to bend the law rather than break it. Law Practice. Read a scholarly article (Shariat) Application Act, 1937
Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on DivorceDivorce The lawful thing Allah hates most is divorce. (Abu Dawud)) Act, 1986
National Commission for MinoritiesMinority group A minority is a group of people who are differentiated from others in the same society by ethnicity, race, nationality,
or religion, and who occupy subordinate positions in the communities in which they reside. A minority group may be numerically smaller but, on the other hand, may constitute the majority insofar as population size is concerned. In several counties in a few southern states, the black population is by far the larger, but in most states and in the United States as a whole, blacks constitute a far smaller percentage of the total population. Act, 1992
National Commission for Minority Educational Institutions Act, 2005
National Commission for Safai Karamcharis Act, 1993
National Commission for Women Act, 1990
National Council for TeacherTeacher מוֹרֶה Rebbe (“my teacher”) and Rabbeinu Hakadosh (“our holy teacher”). Δάσκαλος (अध्यापकः) Education Act, 1993
National Security Act, 1980
National Trust for Welfare of Persons with Autism, Cerebral Palsy, Mental Retardation and Multiple Disabilities Act, 1999
Oaths Act, 1969
Partition Act, 1893
Pharmacy Act, 1948
Powers-of-Attorney Act, 1882
Pre-conception and Pre-Natal Diagnostic Techniques (Prohibition of Sex Selection) Act, 1994
Prevention of Blackmarketing and Maintenance of Supplies of Essential
Commodities Act, 1980
Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988
Prevention of CrueltyCruelty Physical, mental, social to Animals Act, 1960
Prevention of Damage to Public Property Act, 1984
Prisoners Act, 1990
Prisons Act, 1894
Private Security Agencies (Regulation) Act, 2005
Prize Chits and MoneyMoney Χρήματα, νόμισμα (currency), Old French monoie, Pecunia, Money supply, Reserve money, Monetary System, Money-laundering, Electronic Money, Money Transfer, Promissory notes. Coin of Alexander (330 B.C.E). Dematerialized form is Paper Currency( In USA 1600 CE and in 1861 in India). Money makes men. Balance of Payments, Net borrowing. Euro, Dollar, INR. Circulation Scheme (Banning) Act, 1978
Probation of Offenders Act, 1958
Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2007
Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation Act, 2013
Protection of Children from Sexual Offences ActProtection of Children from Sexual Offences Act The 2012 Central Law (Indian) safeguards children under 18 from sexual offences. Main offences include:
Penetrative Sexual Assault (Sec. 3): Penile/oral/anal penetration or insertion of objects; punished with minimum 7 years imprisonment, extendable to life (Sec. 4).
Aggravated Penetrative Sexual Assault (Sec. 5): Committed by persons in authority (police, public servants, staff of institutions), gang assault, repeated acts, on child below 12, or causing grievous harm/pregnancy/HIV; minimum 10 years rigorous imprisonment to life (Sec. 6).
Sexual Assault (Sec. 7): Touching private parts with sexual intent; 3-5 years imprisonment (Sec. 8).
Aggravated Sexual Assault (Sec. 9): Similar aggravating factors; 5-7 years (Sec. 10).
Sexual Harassment (Sec. 11): Gestures, words, stalking, or showing pornography; up to 3 years (Sec. 12).
Using children for pornography (Sec. 13-15) carries 5-7 years, enhanced if combined with assault. Abetment and attempt are also punishable., 2012
Protection of Human RightsHuman Rights Legal and moral status of a human being against his competitors.
American Convention on Human Rights
Convention against Torture
European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
UN Convention on the Rights of the Child
UN declaration on sexual orientation and gender identity
United States Bill of Rights
Universal Declaration of Human Rights
Act, 1994
Protection of Women from Domestic ViolenceDomestic violence Genuine cases of cruelty and violence in domestic sphere, which do happen, ought to be handled with utmost sensitivity. Domestic violence typically happens within the four walls of the house and not in the public gaze. Therefore, such violence is not noticed by public at large, except perhaps by the immediate neighbours. Thus, providing visible evidence by the victim of violence may not be easily forthcoming and producing direct evidence may be hard and arduous, which does not necessarily mean that violence does not occur. For a matrimonial relationship which is founded on the basis of cordiality and trust to turn sour to an extent to make a partner to hurl allegations of violence and harassment against the other partner, would normally not happen at the spur of the moment and such acrimonious relationship would develop only in course of time. Accordingly, such a situation would be the culmination of a series of acts which turns, otherwise an amicable relationship, into a fractured one. (Geddam Jhansi & Anr. v. The State of Telangana & Ors.-[2025] 3 S.C.R. ) Act, 2005
Public Gambling Act, 1867
Public Records Act, 1993
Registration Act, 1908
Religious Endowments Act, 1863
Religious Institutions (Prevention of Misuse) Act, 1988
Representation of the PeopleMen Ανθρωποι (People), a woman (γυναίκα), Man (Ανδρας) > Adama, Manu > No proof to establish that due to mutation a monkey turned into a human being. Act, 1951
Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act, 2009
Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition,
Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013
Right to Information Act, 2005
Sale of Goods Act, 1930
Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989
Schedule Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of
Forest Rights) Act, 2007
Special Marriage Act, 1954
Specific Relief Act, 1963
Suits Valuation Act, 1887
Transfer of Property Act, 1882
Transplantation of HumanHuman Ο άνθρωπος (Humanum> Homo sapiens) मानव:. We have failed to consider the minimum need to be a 'human'. For Christians, human beings are sinful creatures, who need some saviour. For Evolution biology a man is still evolving, for what, we don´t know. For Buddhist Nagarjuna, the realisation of having a human body is a mere mental illusion. We are not ready to accept that a human is a computer made of meat. For a slave master, a human person is another animal, his sons and daughters are his personal property.
Organs and Tissues Act, 1994
Wakf Act, 1995
Whistle BlowersWhistle Blowers Whistleblowing is the lawful disclosure of information a discloser reasonably believes evidences wrongdoing to an authorized recipient. Lawful whistleblowing provides information about wrongdoing to authorized recipients
A Whistleblower is any individual who provides the right information to the right people. Stated differently, lawful whistleblowing occurs when an individual provides information that they reasonably believe evidences wrongdoing to an authorized recipient.
The Whistle Blowers Protection Act 2014 (India): Complaint against Subordinate Judges and Official Secret Act is not barred.
Danish National Whistleblower Scheme
Protection Act, 2014
Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972
