UGC NET Law Syllabus

SUBJECT: LAW Code No.: 58

UNIT – I: JURISPRUDENCE

1. Nature and sources of law
2. Schools of jurisprudence
3. Law and morality
4. Concept of rights and duties
5. Legal personality
6. Concepts of property, ownership and possession
7. Concept of liability
8. Law, poverty and development
9. Global justice
10. Modernism and post-modernism

UNIT – II: CONSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE LAW

1. Preamble, fundamental rights and duties, directive principles of state policy.
2. Union and State executive and their interrelationship
3. Union and State legislature and distribution of legislative powers
4. Judiciary
5. Emergency provisions
6. Temporary, transitional and special provisions in respect of certain states
7. Election Commission of India
8. Nature, scope and importance of administrative law
9. Principle of natural justice
10. Judicial review of administrative actions – Grounds.

UNIT – III: PUBLIC INTERNATIONAL LAW AND IHL

1. International law – Definition, nature and basis
2. Sources of International law
3. Recognition of states and governments
4. Nationality, immigrants, refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs)
5. Extradition and asylum
6. United Nations and its organs
7. Settlement of international disputes
8. World Trade Organization (WTO)
9. International humanitarian law (IHL) – Conventions and protocols
10. Implementation of IHL – Challenges

UNIT – IV: LAW OF CRIMES

1. General principles of criminal liability – Actus reus and mens rea, individual and
group liability and constructive liability
2. Stages of crime and inchoate crimes – Abetment, criminal conspiracy and attempt
3. General exceptions
4. Offences against human body
5. Offences against state and terrorism
6. Offences against property
7. Offences against women and children
8. Drug trafficking and counterfeiting
9. Offences against public tranquility
10. Theories and kinds of punishments, compensation to the victims of crime

UNIT – V: LAW OF TORTS AND CONSUMER PROTECTION

1. Nature and definition of tort
2. General principles of tortious liability
3. General defenses
4. Specific torts – Negligence, nuisance, trespass and defamation
5. Remoteness of damages
6. Strict and absolute liability
7. Tortious liability of the State
8. The Consumer Protection Act 1986 – Definitions, consumer rights and redressal
mechanism
9. The Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 – No fault liability, third party insurance and claims
tribunal
10. The Competition Act, 2002 – Prohibition of certain agreements, abuse of dominant
position and regulation of combinations

UNIT – VI: COMMERCIAL LAW

1. Essential elements of contract and e-contract
2. Breach of contract, frustration of contract, void and voidable agreements
3. Standard form of contract and quasi-contract
4. Specific contracts – Bailment, pledge, indemnity, guarantee and agency
5. Sale of Goods Act, 1930
6. Partnership and limited liability partnership
7. Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881
8. Company law – Incorporation of a company, prospectus, shares and debentures
9. Company law – Directors and meetings
10. Corporate social responsibility

UNIT-VII: FAMILY LAW

1. Sources and schools
2. Marriage and dissolution of marriage
3. Matrimonial remedies – Divorce and theories of divorce
4. Changing dimensions of institution of marriage – Live-in relationship
5. Recognition of foreign decrees in India on marriage and divorce
6. Maintenance, dower and stridhan
7. Adoption, guardianship and acknowledgement
8. Succession and inheritance
9. Will, gift and wakf
10. Uniform Civil Code

UNIT –VIII: ENVIRONMENT AND HUMAN RIGHTS LAW

1. Meaning and concept of ‘environment’ and ‘environmental pollution’
2. International environmental law and UN Conferences
3. Constitutional and legal framework for protection of environment in India
4. Environmental Impact Assessment and control of hazardous waste in India
5. National Green Tribunal
6. Concept and development of human rights
7. Universalism and cultural relativism
8. International Bill of Rights
9. Group rights – Women, children, persons with disabilities, elderly persons,
minorities and weaker sections
10. Protection and enforcement of human rights in India – National Human Rights
Commission, National Commission for Minorities, National Commission for
Women, National Commission for Scheduled Castes, National Commission for
Schedule Tribes and National Commission for Backward Classes

UNIT – IX: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS AND INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY LAW

1. Concept and meaning of intellectual property
2. Theories of intellectual property
3. International conventions pertaining to intellectual properties
4. Copyright and neighboring rights – Subject matters, limitations and exceptions,
infringement and remedies
5. Law of patent – Patentability, procedure for grant of patent, limitations and
exceptions, infringement and remedies
6. Law of trademark – Registration of trademarks, kinds of trademarks, infringement
and passing off, remedies
7. Protection of Geographical Indications
8. Bio-diversity and Traditional Knowledge
9. Information technology law- digital signature and electronic signature, electronic
governance, electronic records and duties of subscribers
10. Cyber crimes, penalties and adjudication

UNIT – X: COMPARATIVE PUBLIC LAW AND SYSTEMS OF GOVERNANCE

1. Comparative Law – Relevance, methodology, problems and concerns in Comparison
2. Forms of governments – Presidential and parliamentary, unitary and federal
3. Models of federalism – USA, Canada and India
4. Rule of Law – ‘Formal’ and ‘substantive’ versions
5. Separation of powers – India, UK, USA and France
6. Independence of judiciary, judicial activism and accountability – India, UK and USA
7. Systems of constitutional review – India, USA, Switzerland and France
8. Amendment of the Constitution – India, USA and South Africa
9. Ombudsman –Sweden, UK and India
10. Open Government and Right to Information – USA, UK and India

CURRENT SUPREME COURT JUDGMENTS

Union of India Vs. Rajendra N. Shah & Anr-20/07/21 - These appeals raise an important question as to the vires of the Constitution (Ninety Seventh Amendment) Act, 2011 [the "Constitution 97th Amendment Act"] which inter alia introduced Part IXB under the chapter heading 'The Co-operative Societies'. The Constitution 97th Amendment Act was passed by the requisite majority of the Lok Sabha on 27.12.2011 and the Rajya Sabha on 28.12.2011.
K.P. Natarajan & Anr. Vs. Muthalammal & Ors-16/07/2021 - There is no dispute on facts and there is no escape from the conclusion that the respondents have been grossly negligent in defending the suit as well as the execution proceedings. But the fact remains that while the parties can afford to remain negligent, the Court cannot. The High Court has found, after summoning the records from the trial Court that as a matter of fact, the trial Court failed to appoint a guardian for the third respondent/minor in a manner prescribed by law.
Sachin Kashyap & Ors. Vs. Sushil Chandra Srivastava & Ors-15/07/2021 - Writ Petition having been filed for a particular cause and with a particular prayer cannot be expanded to cover within its ambit all the issues which may be of general or public importance without there being any pleadings or prayer with regard to a particular issue.
Madras Bar Association Vs. Union of India & Anr-14/07/2021 - The Madras Bar Association has filed this Writ Petition seeking a declaration that Sections 12 and 13 of the Tribunal Reforms (Rationalisation and Conditions of Service) Ordinance, 2021 and Sections 184 and 186 (2) of the Finance Act, 2017 as amended by the Tribunal Reforms (Rationalisation and Conditions of Service) Ordinance, 2021 as ultra vires Articles 14, 21 and 50 of the Constitution of India inasmuch as these are violative of the principles of separation of powers and independence of judiciary

EXECUTIVE ORDERS

Executive Order on Promoting Competition in the American Economy-09/07/2021 - The American information technology sector has long been an engine of innovation and growth, but today a small number of dominant Internet platforms use their power to exclude market entrants, to extract monopoly profits, and to gather intimate personal information that they can exploit for their own advantage.
Blocking Property and Suspending Entry Into USA of Certain Persons Contributing to Destabilizing Situation in Western Balkans-EO-08/06/21 - All property and interests in property that are in the United States, that hereafter come within the United States, or that are or hereafter come within the possession or control of any United States person of the following persons are blocked and may not be transferred, paid, exported, withdrawn, or otherwise dealt in: any person determined by the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State
Threat posed by military Industry of China- Biden Issued Executive Order-03/06/2021 - I find that the use of Chinese surveillance technology outside the PRC and the development or use of Chinese surveillance technology to facilitate repression or serious human rights abuse constitute unusual and extraordinary threats, which have their source in whole or substantial part outside the United States, to the national security, foreign policy, and economy of the United States, and I hereby expand the scope of the national emergency declared in Executive Order 13959 to address those threats.
Improving the Nation’s Cybersecurity-EO 12/05/2021 - The United States faces persistent and increasingly sophisticated malicious cyber campaigns that threaten the public sector, the private sector, and ultimately the American people’s security and privacy. The Federal Government must improve its efforts to identify, deter, protect against, detect, and respond to these actions and actors. The Federal Government must also carefully examine what occurred during any major cyber incident and apply lessons learned. But cybersecurity requires more than government action.

© Advocatetanmoy Law Library

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